Explore the new features of PHP8 and breathe new life into your projects

Explore the new features of PHP8 and inject new vitality into your project

With the rapid development of technology, PHP8, as an open source server-side programming language, continues to A new version is launched and introduces a series of new features and improvements. In this article, we will explore some of the new features of PHP8 and show you how to use them to breathe new life into your projects.

1. JIT Compiler and Performance Improvements

PHP8 introduces the Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler, which is a major improvement. The JIT compiler will convert PHP code directly into machine code at runtime, thereby improving code execution efficiency. This means that in PHP8, we can get faster execution speed and higher performance.

Sample code:

<?php
// 在脚本开头使用 jit_enable() 函数来启用 JIT 编译器
jit_enable();

// 编写需要执行的 PHP 代码
// ...

// 在脚本结束前使用 jit_disable() 函数来禁用 JIT 编译器
jit_disable();
?>

2. Strong type declaration

In previous versions of PHP, the type of variables was not mandatory, which may cause Wrong data types are used in the program, causing problems. In PHP8, we can use strongly typed declarations to ensure the data type of variables.

Sample code:

<?php
function add(int $x, int $y): int {
    return $x + $y;
}
 
$result = add(5, 3); // 输出 8
// $result = add(5, "3"); // 报错，因为参数需要是整数类型
?>

3. Properties can be private

In previous PHP versions, class properties could only be public (public) , protected or private. In PHP8, we can declare properties as private, which means they can only be accessed within the class and not externally.

Sample code:

<?php
class Person {
    private string $name;
    
    public function __construct(string $name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
    
    public function getName(): string {
        return $this->name;
    }
}

$person = new Person("Tom");
echo $person->name; // 报错，无法访问私有属性
echo $person->getName(); // 输出 "Tom"
?>

4. New Null safe operator

In traditional PHP, when we need to access the properties or methods of a variable , multiple judgment statements need to be used to avoid errors caused by undefined variables. In PHP8, we can use the new Null safe operator (??) to simplify the code and avoid this error.

Sample code:

<?php
class Person {
    private ?string $name;
    
    public function __construct(?string $name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }
    
    public function getName(): ?string {
        return $this->name;
    }
}

$person = new Person(null);
$name = $person->getName() ?? "Unknown";
echo $name; // 输出 "Unknown"
?>

5. Match expression

PHP8 introduces a new match expression (Match Expression), which can replace the traditional multiple if-else statements, provide cleaner and more readable code.

Sample code:

<?php
function getStatus(string $status): string {
    return match($status) {
        'open' => '订单已打开',
        'closed' => '订单已关闭',
        'processing' => '订单正在处理',
        default => '未知状态',
    };
}

echo getStatus('open'); // 输出 "订单已打开"
?>

Explore the new features of PHP8 and breathe new life into your projects. By fully understanding and applying these new features, you can improve the performance and quality of your code, reduce the probability of errors, and make your projects more stable and reliable. At the same time, these features can also improve development efficiency, reduce the amount of code, and make your development more efficient. Hurry up to PHP8 and start enjoying these new features!

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