Analysis of application cases of various functional modules of C++ language in embedded systems

A case analysis of the application of various functional modules of C language in embedded systems

Abstract:
Embedded systems refer to the application of computer technology to various electronic A computer system in a device. The C language has become a commonly used language in embedded system development due to its rich functionality and flexibility. This article will be based on actual application cases, discuss the application of C language in various functional modules in embedded systems, and provide relevant code examples.

1. Input/output module
   In embedded systems, input/output modules play a very important role. C's iostream library provides rich input/output functions to facilitate data interaction with external devices. Let's take a simple LED control case as an example:

#include <iostream>
#include <wiringPi.h>

int main() {
    wiringPiSetupGpio();
    pinMode(17, OUTPUT);
    
    while (true) {
        char cmd;
        std::cout << "请输入1（开）或0（关）: ";
        std::cin >> cmd;
        
        if (cmd == '1') {
            digitalWrite(17, HIGH);
        }
        else if (cmd == '0') {
            digitalWrite(17, LOW);
        }
        else {
            std::cout << "输入无效，请重新输入！" << std::endl;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}

The above code uses the wiringPi library to control the GPIO port output, and controls the on/off status of the LED light according to the commands entered by the user.

2. Timer module
   In embedded systems, the timer function is very important and can be used to implement scheduled tasks, delays and other functions. C's chrono library provides high-precision time calculation functions and can easily implement timer functions. Let's take a simple timer case as an example:

#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>

int main() {
    auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    
    while (true) {
        auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
        auto duration = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(end - start).count();
        
        std::cout << "已经运行了" << duration << "秒！" << std::endl;
        
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    }
    
    return 0;
}

The above code uses the chrono library to calculate the running time of the program, and uses the sleep_for function of the thread library to achieve output every 1 second. . Through the timer function, various time-related functions can be realized, such as collecting data at regular intervals, sending data at regular intervals, etc.

3. Communication module
   In embedded systems, communication modules are often used for data transmission between devices, such as serial communication, network communication, etc. C provides rich communication functions and can easily interact with different external devices. The following is a simple serial communication case as an example:

#include <iostream>
#include <wiringPi.h>
#include <wiringSerial.h>

int main() {
    int fd = serialOpen("/dev/ttyAMA0", 9600);
    
    if (fd == -1) {
        std::cout << "串口打开失败！" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    
    while (true) {
        if (serialDataAvail(fd)) {
            char data = serialGetchar(fd);
            std::cout << "接收到的数据: " << data << std::endl;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}

The above code uses the wiringSerial library for serial communication, opens the serial port through the serialOpen function, and uses the serialDataAvail function to determine whether the serial port has readable data. Get it and use the serialGetchar function to read the serial port data and output it. Through the application of the communication module, data interaction with other devices can be easily realized and various functions can be realized.

Conclusion:
This article takes the input/output module, timer module and communication module as examples to introduce the application of C language in various functional modules in embedded systems and provides relevant code examples. . C language has become a commonly used language in embedded system development due to its rich functionality and flexibility. By rationally applying each functional module, the functional requirements of various embedded systems can be easily realized.

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