Java development email notification function after form submission

Java development email notification function after form submission

In web development, form submission is a very common scenario. When a user submits a form, the form data usually needs to be saved to a database or other data storage system, and sometimes it is necessary to send an email to notify relevant personnel. This article will introduce how to use Java development to implement the email notification function after form submission, and comes with code examples.

1. Dependencies
   First, we need to add the dependency of JavaMail API. In the Maven project, you can add the following dependencies in the pom.xml file:

   <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
   </dependency>

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2. Configuring email information
   Before sending emails, we need to configure the mail server information. The following configuration information can be added to the resource file:

   mail.host=your-mail-server-host
   mail.port=your-mail-server-port
   mail.username=your-mail-username
   mail.password=your-mail-password

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   Then, we can read these configuration information through code:

   import java.util.ResourceBundle;
   
   public class MailConfig {
    private String host;
    private int port;
    private String username;
    private String password;
   
    public MailConfig() {
        ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("mail");
        this.host = bundle.getString("mail.host");
        this.port = Integer.parseInt(bundle.getString("mail.port"));
        this.username = bundle.getString("mail.username");
        this.password = bundle.getString("mail.password");
    }
   
    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }
   
    public int getPort() {
        return port;
    }
   
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
   
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
   }

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3. Send mail
   The following is a Example of sending mail method:

   import javax.mail.*;
   import javax.mail.internet.*;
   
   public class EmailSender {
    public void sendEmail(String recipient, String subject, String content) throws MessagingException {
        MailConfig config = new MailConfig();
   
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", config.getHost());
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", config.getPort());
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
   
        Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication(config.getUsername(), config.getPassword());
            }
        });
   
        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(config.getUsername()));
        message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(recipient));
        message.setSubject(subject);
        message.setContent(content, "text/html");
   
        Transport.send(message);
    }
   }

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In the above method, we first create a MailConfig object to obtain the mail server configuration information. Then, create a Session object through the JavaMail API and set the address, port and authentication information of the mail server. Next, create a MimeMessage (Multipart is a complex network format email that contains multiple components, such as text, attachments, etc.) and set the sender, recipients, subject, and content. Finally, call the Transport.send(message) method to send the email.

4. Usage example
   The following is a usage example:

   public class FormSubmitService {
    private EmailSender emailSender;
   
    public FormSubmitService() {
        this.emailSender = new EmailSender();
    }
   
    public void onSubmit(String name, String email, String message) {
        // 处理表单数据
   
        // 发送邮件通知
        String recipient = "your-email@example.com";
        String subject = "表单提交通知";
        String content = "姓名：" + name + "<br>Email：" + email + "<br>留言：" + message;
        try {
            emailSender.sendEmail(recipient, subject, content);
            System.out.println("邮件发送成功");
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            System.out.println("邮件发送失败：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
   }

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In the above example, the onSubmit() method processes the form data and Call the sendEmail() method of EmailSender to send email notifications. You can replace recipient with your email address.

Summary:
This article introduces how to use Java development to implement the email notification function after form submission. This function can be achieved by adding a dependency on the JavaMail API, configuring the mail server information, and then calling the JavaMail API to send emails. I hope this article can help you implement the email notification function in web development.

Reference materials:

• JavaMail API official documentation: https://javaee.github.io/javamail/
• JavaMail API sample code: https:// github.com/javaee/javamail

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