Use the strconv.FormatComplex function to convert complex numbers to strings, setting the precision and format

Title: Use the strconv.FormatComplex function to convert a complex number to a string, and set the precision and format

Text:
In the Go language, a complex number is a special data type that represents a The numerical values ​​of the real and imaginary parts. In actual development, we often need to convert complex numbers into strings and set their precision and format. At this time, you can use the strconv.FormatComplex function in the Go language to implement it.

strconv is a standard library of Go language that provides conversion functions between strings and other basic types. FormatComplex is a function in strconv that converts complex numbers to strings. Its function signature is as follows:

func FormatComplex(c complex128, fmt byte, prec, bitSize int) string

Among them, c is the complex number to be converted, and fmt is the format character, indicating the output format , prec is the precision, indicating the number of decimal places in the output, bitSize is the number of digits indicating the complex number, which can be 32, 64 or 128. It is worth noting that the higher the number of digits, the higher the accuracy, but the memory occupied will also increase accordingly.

The following is a sample code using the strconv.FormatComplex function:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    // 定义一个复数
    complexNum := complex(3.14, 2.71828)

    // 设置输出精度为两位小数
    str := strconv.FormatComplex(complexNum, 'f', 2, 64)

    fmt.Println(str) // 输出: (3.14+2.72i)
}

In this code example, we define a complex number complexNum with a value of 3.14 2.71828i. Then, use the strconv.FormatComplex function to convert the complex number to a string, and set the output format to 'f', which means decimal representation, set the output precision to two decimal places, and the number of digits to 64.

Finally, the converted string is output to the console through the fmt.Println function. In this example, the output string is "(3.14 2.72i)", that is, the real part retains two decimal places and is enclosed in parentheses, and the imaginary part also retains two decimal places.

It should be noted that if the real part or imaginary part of the converted complex number is 0, special processing can be performed through the %s placeholder of the fmt.Printf function. For example, use "0.00" to indicate that the precision of 0 is Two decimal places.

Through the above example, we can see that the strconv.FormatComplex function very conveniently implements the conversion of complex numbers to strings and supports custom precision and format. In actual development, we can flexibly set the precision and format according to needs to meet specific business needs.

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