Use Python and WebDriver to automatically fill in verification codes on web pages

Use Python and WebDriver to automatically fill in verification codes on web pages

With the development of the Internet, more and more websites have introduced verification code mechanisms in user registration, login and other operations to improve security and Prevent automated attacks. However, manually entering the verification code is not only troublesome, but also increases the complexity of the user experience. So, is there a way to automatically fill in the verification code? The answer is yes. This article will introduce how to use Python and WebDriver to automatically fill in verification codes on web pages.

First, we need to install the Python programming language and Selenium library. Selenium is an automated testing tool that can simulate browser behavior and achieve automated operations. The Selenium library can be installed through pip. The specific code is as follows:

pip install selenium

After the installation is completed, we need to install the WebDriver driver adapted to our own browser version. For example, if you are using Google Chrome browser, you can download ChromeDriver through the following link: https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads

After the download is complete, ChromeDriver is added to the environment variables.

Next, we will use a simple example to demonstrate how to use Python and WebDriver to automatically fill in the verification code on the web page. Suppose we want to log in to a website that requires users to enter a verification code to log in successfully. The following is a code example to automatically fill in the verification code:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

# 创建Chrome浏览器实例
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# 打开登录页面
driver.get("http://www.example.com/login")

# 输入用户名和密码
driver.find_element(By.NAME, "username").send_keys("admin")
driver.find_element(By.NAME, "password").send_keys("123456")

# 获取验证码图片的URL
captcha_img_url = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//img[@id='captcha_img']").get_attribute("src")

# 下载验证码图片
import requests
response = requests.get(captcha_img_url)
with open("captcha.png", "wb") as f:
    f.write(response.content)

# 识别验证码
import pytesseract
captcha_text = pytesseract.image_to_string("captcha.png")

# 填写验证码
driver.find_element(By.NAME, "captcha").send_keys(captcha_text)

# 提交登录表单
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(), '登录')]").click()

# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

In the code example, first create a Chrome browser instance, then open the login page and enter the username and password. Next, locate the verification code image element through XPath and obtain its URL. Then, use the requests library to download the verification code image and save it locally. Use the pytesseract library to recognize the verification code image, and fill in the recognition result into the verification code input box. Finally, click the Login button to submit the login form. Finally, close the browser.

Through the above code example, we can realize the function of automatically filling in the verification code on the web page. Of course, the specific implementation methods may vary from website to website. But no matter what, the Selenium library provides a wealth of methods and APIs that can meet most automated testing and crawler needs.

It should be noted that the recognition accuracy of the verification code may be affected by factors such as the quality of the verification code image, fonts, interference lines, etc. In practical applications, we may need to use some image processing techniques to improve the accuracy of verification code recognition.

To sum up, through the Python programming language and WebDriver driver, we can realize the function of automatically filling in the verification code on the web page. This simplifies the user operation process to a certain extent and improves efficiency and user experience. However, you need to pay attention to legal use and comply with relevant network regulations and laws and regulations.

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