Vue component communication: Using Vuex plugins for cross-component communication

Vue component communication: Use Vuex plug-in for cross-component communication

In Vue development, component communication is a very common and important requirement. In Vue, using the Vuex plug-in can easily achieve cross-component communication, which not only simplifies the code, but also improves development efficiency.

What is Vuex

Vuex is the state management mode of Vue.js, which is used to centrally manage the state of all components in the Vue application. It is based on the Flux architecture and Redux design ideas, providing a predictable state management mechanism for Vue.

In Vuex, all states are stored in a global data warehouse (store) and can be accessed and modified through the state attribute in the store. Components change the state in the store by dispatching and committing mutations.

Installing and Configuring Vuex

First, we need to install Vuex in the Vue project. It can be installed through npm or yarn:

npm install vuex --save

Then, create a folder named store in our Vue project to store Vuex-related code. In the store folder, create a file named index.js as the Vuex configuration file.

In the index.js file, we need to import Vue and Vuex and create a new Vuex.Store instance. The code is as follows:

import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'

Vue.use(Vuex)

export default new Vuex.Store({
  state: {
    // 状态数据
  },
  mutations: {
    // 状态改变方法
  },
  actions: {
    // 异步操作方法
  },
  modules: {
    // 模块化配置
  }
})

In the above code, we can see that state is used to store state data, mutations are used to define methods to change the state, actions are used to define asynchronous operation methods, and modules are used to divide the store into modules .

Using Vuex in a component

To use Vuex in a component, you first need to import Vuex and use Vue's computed property to map the state in the store to the component's properties.

For example, in a component named Counter, we want to implement the function of clicking a button to increase the count. First, import Vuex in the component and define a computed attribute count, and map the state count in the store to this attribute. The code is as follows:

import { mapState } from 'vuex'

export default {
  computed: {
    ...mapState(['count'])
  }
}

Then, use the count attribute in the template to render. The code is as follows:

<template>
  <div>
    <p>当前计数：{{ count }}</p>
    <button @click="increment">增加</button>
  </div>
</template>

Finally, define a method increment in the component to increase the count by dispatching mutations. The code is as follows:

import { mapState, mapMutations } from 'vuex'

export default {
  computed: {
    ...mapState(['count'])
  },
  methods: {
    ...mapMutations(['INCREMENT']),
    increment() {
      this.INCREMENT()
    }
  }
}

In the above code, we use the mapMutations method to map the INCREMENT method to the component method, so that the INCREMENT method can be directly called in the component to trigger mutations.

Cross-component communication

Vuex can not only implement local state management in components, but also achieve cross-component communication, that is, data sharing and communication between different components.

For example, we have two components: A and B. There is a state called message in component A, and we want to get and display this state in component B.

First, in the template in component A, we need to use this.$store.state.message to get the state. The code is as follows:

<template>
  <div>
    <p>当前消息：{{ $store.state.message }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

Then, in component B, we need to map the message status in component A to this property through the computed property. The code is as follows:

import { mapState } from 'vuex'

export default {
  computed: {
    ...mapState(['message'])
  }
}

Finally, use the message attribute in the template of component B to render. The code is as follows:

<template>
  <div>
    <p>组件A中的消息：{{ message }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

Through the above steps, we can achieve data sharing and communication between component A and component B.

Summary:

Through the Vuex plug-in, we can simplify the data transfer and communication between components and improve development efficiency. At the same time, the use of Vuex also makes our code clearer and easier to maintain. Therefore, in Vue development, it is recommended to use the Vuex plug-in for component communication.

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