Technical Guide to Online Chat and Instant Messaging with PHP and Mini Programs

Technical Guide for Online Chat and Instant Messaging with PHP and Mini Programs

Introduction:
In today’s Internet era, people’s demand for instant messaging and online chat is getting higher and higher. With the popularity of smartphones, small programs have become the development platform chosen by many companies and individuals. This article will introduce how to use PHP and mini programs to implement online chat and instant messaging functions, and provide code examples for readers' reference.

1. Introduction to Mini Programs
Mini Programs are an application based on the WeChat platform and are distributed and used through WeChat. It is lightweight, fast, and has relatively simple functions. It is extremely suitable for some simple scenes. Mini programs are developed using front-end technology, mainly using the development languages ​​WXML, WXSS and JavaScript provided by WeChat.

2. Introduction to Online Chat and Instant Messaging
Online chat refers to a way to send messages and communicate in real time over the Internet. Instant messaging refers to a technology for real-time communication between users. Online chat and instant messaging can be divided into two parts: client and server. The client is responsible for sending and receiving messages, and the server is responsible for storing and forwarding messages.

3. PHP implements server-side functions
In PHP, we can use the WebSocket protocol to implement online chat and instant messaging functions. WebSocket is a TCP-based protocol that enables full-duplex communication on the same TCP connection. In PHP, we can use the Ratchet library to implement WebSocket functionality.

First, we need to install the Ratchet library. Execute the following command in the terminal:

composer require cboden/ratchet

The following is a simple PHP WebSocket server example:

<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use RatchetMessageComponentInterface;
use RatchetConnectionInterface;

class Chat implements MessageComponentInterface {
    protected $clients;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->clients = new SplObjectStorage;
    }

    public function onOpen(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        // 新的连接建立时调用
        $this->clients->attach($conn);
    }

    public function onMessage(ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
        // 收到消息时调用
        $numRecv = count($this->clients) - 1;
        foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
            if ($from !== $client) {
                // 给所有其他连接发送消息
                $client->send($msg);
            }
        }
    }

    public function onClose(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        // 连接关闭时调用
        $this->clients->detach($conn);
    }

    public function onError(ConnectionInterface $conn, Exception $e) {
        // 发生错误时调用
        echo "An error occurred: " . $e->getMessage() . "
";
        $conn->close();
    }
}

// 创建并运行WebSocket服务器
$server = IoServer::factory(
    new HttpServer(
        new WsServer(
            new Chat()
        )
    ),
    8080
);
$server->run();
?>

In the above code, we created a Chat class to handle WebSocket messages. In the onMessage method, we implement the message forwarding function by traversing all connections and sending messages.

Run the above code in the command line to start a WebSocket server.

4. Mini program implements client functions
In the mini program, we can use WeChat developer tools for development and debugging.

First, we need to add permission configuration in the app.json file of the mini program:

{
  "permission": {
    "scope.userLocation": {
      "desc": "使用通信功能"
    }
  }
}

Then, we can use the wx.connectSocket() method in the page to connect to the WebSocket server, and Listening to related events:

Page({
  data: {
    messages: [],
    inputMessage: ''
  },
  onLoad: function () {
    var that = this
    wx.connectSocket({
      url: 'ws://localhost:8080'
    })
    wx.onSocketOpen(function () {
      console.log('连接成功')
    })
    wx.onSocketMessage(function (res) {
      console.log('收到消息：', res.data)
      that.data.messages.push(res.data)
      that.setData({
        messages: that.data.messages
      })
    })
    wx.onSocketClose(function () {
      console.log('连接关闭')
    })
    wx.onSocketError(function (res) {
      console.log('连接失败', res)
    })
  },
  onUnload: function () {
    wx.closeSocket()
  },
  bindInputMessage: function (e) {
    this.setData({
      inputMessage: e.detail.value
    })
  },
  sendMessage: function () {
    var message = this.data.inputMessage
    wx.sendSocketMessage({
      data: message
    })
    this.setData({
      inputMessage: ''
    })
  }
})

In the above code, we use the wx.connectSocket() method in the onLoad method of the page to connect to the WebSocket server. In the onSocketMessage method, we listen to the message sent by the server and save it in the data of the page. In the sendMessage method, we use the wx.sendSocketMessage() method to send messages to the server.

5. Summary
This article introduces how to use PHP and small programs to implement online chat and instant messaging functions. By using the WebSocket protocol and Ratchet library, we can easily build the server in PHP. In the applet, we can use the wx.connectSocket() method to connect to the server and use the wx.sendSocketMessage() method to send messages. I hope this article can provide some help to readers when implementing online chat and instant messaging functions.

Reference:
Ratchet Documentation: http://socketo.me/
WeChat Mini Program Development Documentation: https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/index. html

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