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How to use Lumen framework in PHP

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Release： 2023-06-27 20:00:01

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How to use the Lumen framework in PHP

Lumen is a simplified version of the Laravel framework, which focuses on quickly building lightweight microservices and API applications. Lumen is an open source framework created and maintained by Taylor Otwell. It is known for its spectacular speed and performance. In this article, we will introduce how to use Lumen framework in PHP.

1. Install and configure the Lumen framework

First, you need to install the composer tool in your system. Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP and is used to install and manage the Lumen framework. You can install composer by visiting the following URL: https://getcomposer.org/download/.

Once the composer tool is installed, you can install Lumen with the following command:

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/lumen yourprojectname

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After running the above command, composer will create a directory containing the installed Lumen project.

2. Routing

In the Lumen framework, routing is a mapping that points a request to its corresponding controller. The route definition file is located in routes/web.php, which can be accessed through route$app->get('/', function () use ($app) {return "Hello World";} ); way to define routing. In this example, we define the root path so that when someone accesses this route, "Hello, World" will be returned.

3. Controller

In the Lumen framework, a controller is a class that contains the code that the application should execute. Controllers should be saved in the app/Http/Controllers directory. Here's how to define a simple controller:

namespace AppHttpControllers;

use AppUser;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function show($id)
    {
        return view('user.profile', ['user' => User::findOrFail($id)]);
    }
}

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4. Middleware

You can use a middleware in Lumen to operate requests, such as adding logs, verifying input or authorizing, etc. The definition of Lumen middleware can create a new file in the app/Http/Middleware directory. Lumen middleware contains two methods: handle($request, Closure $next) and __construct(). The handle method intercepts a request and performs operations, and the __construct method can accept any dependency injection. Here's how to define a simple middleware:

namespace AppHttpMiddleware;

use Closure;

class ExampleMiddleware
{
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // Do something before the request is handled by another middleware
        $response = $next($request);
        // Do something after the request is handled by another middleware     
        return $response;
    }
}

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5. Model

The model is the core of data interaction in the Lumen framework. In Lumen, you can use the default Eloquent ORM or other popular ORM libraries to process models. Here's how to define a simple model:

namespace App;

use IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel;

class User extends Model
{
    public $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'password'];
}

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6. View

In the Lumen framework, you can use the Blade template engine to generate views.

Blade template engine is the default template engine in the Laravel framework and can also be used in the Lumen framework. Here is a simple view template example:

<!-- Stored in resources/views/greeting.blade.php -->

<html>
    <body>
        <h1>Hello, {{ $name }}</h1>
    </body>
</html>

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7. Configuration

The configuration file of the Lumen framework is located in bootstrap/app.php. In this file, you can change various configurations of the application such as debug mode, log configuration, etc.

For example, you can configure Lumen to run in debug mode as follows:

$app->configure('app');
$app->configure('debug');

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8. Testing

The Lumen framework provides many tools to test applications. Use the PHPUnit class to write tests in Lumen's unit tests. Unit tests can detect errors and issues as application code is built. The following is a unit test example:

class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testBasicExample()
    {
        $this->visit('/')
             ->see('Hello, World');
    }
}

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Conclusion

Using some simple steps in the Lumen framework can quickly develop microservices and API applications with high performance, while building lightweight applications It will also be very convenient during the program.

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