How to use Jenkins for automated testing in PHP development

As the scale of web applications continues to expand, the application of the PHP language is becoming more and more widespread. In the software development process, automated testing can greatly improve development efficiency and software quality. Jenkins is an extensible open source automation server that can automatically perform software building, testing, deployment and other operations. Today we will take a look at how to use Jenkins for automated testing in PHP development.

1. Jenkins installation and configuration
First, we need to install Jenkins on the server. Jenkins supports multiple operating systems, including Windows, Linux, Mac, and more. After the installation is complete, enter the URL address of Jenkins in the browser, and enter the user name and password of the administrator account to log in to Jenkins.

After the installation is complete, on the main interface of Jenkins, we need to configure some plug-ins and tools for use in PHP development.

1. Install PHP plug-in
   On the main interface of Jenkins, click "System Management-Plug-in Management", then enter "php" in the search box, check the PHP plug-in and install it.
2. Install the Selenium plug-in
   Selenium is a tool for automated browser testing that can help us automate testing of web applications. Likewise, search for and install the Selenium plugin in Jenkins.
3. Install Composer
   Composer is a PHP package manager that can help us automatically manage dependent libraries and components in PHP development. Search for and install the Composer plugin in Jenkins.
4. Install PHPUnit
   PHPUnit is the unit testing framework for PHP. It is an open source testing framework that can be used to write and run unit tests for PHP. Search and install the PHPUnit plugin in Jenkins.

After the installation is complete, we can make some settings in the global configuration of Jenkins for use when conducting PHP automated testing. For example, set PHP and Composer paths, as well as specific browser and Selenium ports, and more.

2. Build a Jenkins project
A project in Jenkins is a software build process. In PHP development, we can treat each project as a Jenkins project to build and manage the testing process in Jenkins.

On the Jenkins main interface, click "New Project", fill in the project name, select "Build a free-style software project", and then click "OK".

Next, make some settings in the project configuration for use in PHP automated testing. For example, setting up source control, build triggers, build environments, build steps, and more.

The more important one is the "build step", because this is where we use PHP automated testing. In the "Build Step", we can add multiple execution commands, such as using Composer to install dependent libraries, executing PHPUnit test scripts, and so on. Next, we introduce in detail two commonly used automated testing methods: unit testing and functional testing.

3. Unit Testing
Unit testing refers to the process of testing a single component of a software system, with the purpose of verifying one by one whether each component works as expected. In PHP development, we can use PHPUnit for unit testing.

The following is a sample test code for PHP:

<?php
use PHPUnitFrameworkTestCase;
 
class StringUtilTest extends TestCase
{
  
   public function testStringLength()
   {
       $stringUtil = new StringUtil();
       $string = 'PHPUnit test';
       $length = $stringUtil->getLength($string);
 
       $this->assertEquals(11, $length);
   }
}

In the "Build Step" of the Jenkins project, we can add the PHPUnit command and execute the test:

composer install
vendor/bin/phpunit tests/

Four , Functional testing
Functional testing refers to the testing process of testing whether the software system can work as expected. In PHP development, we can use Selenium for functional testing.

First, in the "Build Step" of the Jenkins project, we need to add the following command:

composer install
vendor/bin/phpunit tests/
java -jar selenium-server-standalone.jar

Among them, selenium-server-standalone.jar is a Selenium tool that can be used on the command line Start Selenium service in . After downloading the Selenium tool, place it in the project root directory.

Next, add a sample code in PHP to test:

<?php
use FacebookWebDriverRemoteRemoteWebDriver;
use FacebookWebDriverRemoteDesiredCapabilities;
 
class ExampleFunctionalTest extends PHPUnitFrameworkTestCase
{
   public function testChrome()
   {
       $driver = RemoteWebDriver::create(
           'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
           DesiredCapabilities::chrome()
       );
 
       $driver->get('http://www.google.com');
       $this->assertEquals('Google', $driver->getTitle());
   }
}

Run the Jenkins project, Jenkins will start the Selenium service and automatically perform functional tests. View the test results in Jenkins. If the test passes, the test is successful.

5. Summary
Through this article, we learned how to use Jenkins for automated testing in PHP development. First, we install and configure the Jenkins plugin, tools, and environment. Next, we introduced the automated testing methods for unit testing and functional testing respectively by setting up the build steps of the Jenkins project.

Automated testing can greatly improve the efficiency and software quality of PHP development. I hope this article will be helpful to PHP developers.

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