How to use Phar to package projects in PHP

Phar is an extension library for PHP. It can package the entire PHP project into an executable file, so that the project can be easily run in different environments without the need to install PHP and related dependent libraries. At the same time, this executable file can also be encrypted to protect the security of the project.

This article will introduce how to use Phar to package PHP projects.

1. Install Phar extension library

To use the Phar extension library, you first need to install the Phar extension in PHP. In a Linux environment, you can use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get install php-phar

In a Windows environment, you can enable the Phar extension in the php.ini file and remove the semicolon before the following statement:

;extension=php_phar.dll

2. Packaging project

Phar provides a packaging tool phar, which can package the entire project into a .phar file.

Enter the following command in the terminal:

php phar -c gz -f myapp.phar /path/to/myapp

Among them, -c gz means using the gzip compression algorithm, -f myapp.phar means the output file name is myapp.phar, /path/to /myapp represents the project path to be packaged.

After the packaging is completed, you can execute the following command in the terminal to run the .phar file:

php myapp.phar

3. Phar file encryption

You can use Phar’s API Encrypt the .phar file to protect the project's code from being decompiled or tampered with.

For example, you can use the Phar::createDefaultStub() method to generate a default execution script, and use openssl to encrypt this script:

<?php
$phar = new Phar('myapp.phar');
$phar->startBuffering();
$phar->buildFromDirectory('/path/to/myapp');
$phar->setStub($phar->createDefaultStub('index.php'));

$key = 'mysecretkey';
$iv = substr(md5($key), 0, 16);
$phar->setSignatureAlgorithm(Phar::SHA256);
$phar->stopBuffering();
$phar->setMetadata(['encryption_key' => $key]);
$content = file_get_contents('phar://myapp.phar/index.php');
$encrypted = openssl_encrypt($content, 'AES-256-CBC', $key, null, $iv);
$phar->setStub("<?php __HALT_COMPILER(); ?>$encrypted");

In the above code, $key is encrypted Key, $iv is the initial vector. After encrypting the execution script, insert the encrypted result into the header of the .phar file. At this time, executing the .phar file requires entering the key to run successfully.

4. Unpack Phar file

If you need to modify the Phar file, you can use the PharData class to unpack it.

For example, you can use the following code to unpack the .phar file to the specified directory:

<?php
$phar = new Phar('myapp.phar');
$phar->extractTo('/path/to/extract');

After the unpacking is completed, you can modify and debug the project.

Summary

Phar is a very practical PHP extension library that can easily package the entire PHP project into an executable file and encrypt it. In actual project development, Phar can be used to simplify the deployment process and improve project operation efficiency and security.

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