Tips on using mixin, extend, component and other APIs to implement component customization in Vue

Vue.js is a popular front-end framework that provides many APIs for component customization. This article will introduce mixin, extend, component and other APIs in Vue to help you master the skills of component customization.

mixin

Mixin is a way to reuse component code in Vue. It allows us to reuse already written code into different components, thereby reducing the need to write duplicate code. For example, we can use mixins to help us add the same lifecycle hook function to multiple components.

Example:

// 定义一个 mixin 对象
var myMixin = {
  created: function () {
    console.log('Mixin created.');
  }
}

// 在多个组件中引入 mixin 对象
var app = new Vue({
  mixins: [myMixin],
  created: function () {
    console.log('App created.');
  }
})

var anotherComponent = new Vue({
  mixins: [myMixin],
  created: function () {
    console.log('Another component created.');
  }
})

In the above example, myMixin defines a created hook function, and the mixin object is referenced in both the app and anotherComponent components. The console information output here will include "Mixin created.", "App created." and "Another component created.".

extend

extend is an API of Vue that is very useful when defining a new component in a component template. Use extend to easily define a component and use its templates, properties, and methods.

Example:

// 定义一个基础组件
var baseComponent = Vue.extend({
  template: '<div>{{ message }}</div>',
  data: function () {
    return {
      message: 'Hello, world!'
    }
  }
})

// 使用基础组件定义新组件
var newComponent = Vue.extend({
  mixins: [baseComponent],
  methods: {
    changeMessage: function () {
      this.message = 'Hi, Vue!';
    }
  }
})

// 创建新组件的实例并挂载到 DOM
var app = new newComponent().$mount('#app');

In the above example, we define a baseComponent base component and use it to define a new component newComponent. newComponent uses the templates, properties and methods of baseComponent, and defines a new method changeMessage, which is used to modify the message attribute to "Hi, Vue!".

component

Component is a way to define components in Vue, allowing us to load components into the page on demand. Vue's component API provides a variety of ways to define components, such as:

Global component

// 全局定义一个组件
Vue.component('my-component', {
  template: '<div>{{ message }}</div>',
  data: function () {
    return {
      message: 'Hello, world!'
    }
  }
})

// 在模板中引用组件
<div id="app">
  <my-component></my-component>
</div>

// 创建 Vue 实例
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app'
})

In the above example, we use the Vue.component API to globally define a component named my- The component of component uses the message attribute in its template. When referencing the component in the template, we use the custom tag . Finally, we create a Vue instance and mount it to the page.

Local Component

// 局部定义一个组件
var myComponent = {
  template: '<div>{{ message }}</div>',
  data: function () {
    return {
      message: 'Hello, world!'
    }
  }
}

// 在模板中引用组件
<div id="app">
  <my-component></my-component>
</div>

// 创建 Vue 实例
var app = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  components: {
    'my-component': myComponent
  }
})

In the above example, we define a component myComponent using a simple JavaScript object. When creating a Vue instance, use the components option to register it as a local component. As can be seen, the difference is only in how the components are defined.

Summary

This article introduces APIs such as mixin, extend and component in Vue to help you master the skills of component customization. Component code can be reused through mixin; basic components can be created using extend and new components can be defined based on them; component is the core API for component definition, providing a variety of flexible ways to define components. I believe this article can help you use Vue.js better.

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