Configuration file and log file processing using PHP

In back-end development, the processing of configuration files and log files is very important. The configuration file stores various configuration information required by the program, while the log file records the execution process of the program and possible problems, providing an important basis for subsequent debugging and maintenance. In PHP, the processing of configuration files and log files is equally important. This article will introduce how to use PHP to process configuration files and log files.

1. Configuration file processing

1. Configuration file format

Our commonly used configuration file formats include the common INI format and JSON format. The INI format is simpler and easier to use than the JSON format, so we can choose to use the INI format configuration file. In the INI format configuration file, lines starting with ";" or "#" represent comments, and each line uses "=" to connect a key-value pair.

For example:

;这是一行注释
key1 = value1
key2 = 2
key3 = 3.14
key4 = "hello world"

2. Reading of configuration files

PHP provides a function called parse_ini_file() to read configuration files in INI format . This function accepts two parameters, the first parameter is the path to the configuration file, and the second parameter (optional) is a Boolean value used to specify whether to return the results in the form of a multi-dimensional array. By default, this function returns an associative array with key-value pairs in the format "key=value".

For example:

$config = parse_ini_file('config.ini');
print_r($config);

The output result is:

Array
(
    [key1] => value1
    [key2] => 2
    [key3] => 3.14
    [key4] => hello world
)

3. Writing of configuration file

We can also use PHP to write Enter the configuration file in INI format. PHP provides a function called parse_ini_string() to convert an array into an INI format string. We only need to write the generated INI format string to a file with the specified path.

For example:

$config = array(
    'key1' => 'value1',
    'key2' => 2,
    'key3' => 3.14,
    'key4' => 'hello world',
);

$config_str = '';
foreach ($config as $key => $value) {
    $config_str .= "$key=$value
";
}

file_put_contents('config.ini', $config_str);

The above code will generate an INI format configuration file and write it to the file in the specified path.

2. Log file processing

In PHP, we can use file system functions (such as fopen, fwrite, etc.) to write log files. However, in order to improve development efficiency, we can also use ready-made log libraries to manage log files more conveniently. Here, we use the Monolog library to implement log file processing.

1. Monolog library

Monolog is a PHP log library that provides a variety of log processing methods, such as files, sockets, robots, etc.

Installation method:

composer require monolog/monolog

2. Log writing

Before using the Monolog library, we need to introduce the automatic loading file of the Monolog library. Generally, we will place the introduction of the Monolog library after require_once or include_once so that the Monolog library can also be used in other files.

require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

After introducing the Monolog library, we can use the Logger class provided by the Monolog library to write log files. The Logger class provides a variety of log levels, including DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL, ALERT, and EMERGENCY.

For example:

use MonologLogger;
use MonologHandlerStreamHandler;

$log = new Logger('my-log');
$log->pushHandler(new StreamHandler('app.log', Logger::WARNING));

$log->warning('This is a warning message.', ['foo' => 'bar']);

The above code will write a warning level log to the app.log file.

3. Log level

Different log levels represent different information levels. We can choose the appropriate log level according to different situations.

• DEBUG: Detailed debugging information.
• INFO: Ordinary program execution information.
• WARNING: Warning message about potential problems.
• ERROR: Error message.
• CRITICAL: Critical error message.
• ALERT: Information about a problem that requires immediate resolution.
• EMERGENCY: Message that the system cannot continue to work.

4. Log display

We can use the tail command (in Linux systems) to view real-time log information. You can use PowerShell or other similar tools to view logs on Windows systems.

For example:

tail -f app.log

The above code will display the contents of the app.log file in real time.

Conclusion

This article introduces how to use PHP to process configuration files and log files. The processing of configuration files and log files is a very important part of back-end development. Using the functions and third-party libraries provided by PHP can easily realize the reading, writing and management of configuration files and log files, improving the maintainability of the program. and readability.

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