How to do basic code auditing with PHP

With the improvement of network security awareness and the continuous upgrading of hacker attack methods, website security issues have become an unavoidable issue for enterprises and individuals. In this era when the problem is particularly severe, PHP is a popular web development language, and more and more companies or individuals develop their websites through PHP. In order to ensure the security of PHP websites, code auditing is an indispensable link.

What is code auditing?

Code auditing is the process of analyzing website code to find security vulnerabilities. This is a systematic, in-depth, experience- and technology-based inspection process that helps website administrators actually understand the risks and provide suggestions for improvement by discovering potential vulnerabilities in the code.

How to use PHP for code auditing?

1. Filter sensitive functions: In-depth study of sensitive functions is one of the foundations of code auditing, so you first need to understand the sensitive functions in PHP. For example, the eval() function, exec() function, system() function, passthru() function, etc. all have the function of executing system commands, and the focus of security checks needs to be on these functions.
2. Check input items: In website development languages, input items are one of the most vulnerable parts to attacks, which requires developers to filter input items when writing code. In PHP, a classic example is to use the htmlspecialchars() function to escape data to prevent XSS attacks.
3. Check for injections: Attack patterns such as SQL injection, LDAP injection, and XPath injection often appear in code that does not properly check user input, resulting in compromised page security. In PHP, you can use the addslashes() function for anti-injection processing.
4. Check file uploads: File uploads are an essential part of website operation, but file uploads may also be a way for attackers to exploit website vulnerabilities by uploading malicious files to carry out attacks. When using PHP to upload files, you can verify the file type, size, and authenticity to ensure that the uploaded files do not carry malicious code.
5. Check session and cookie management: Although session management and cookie management in PHP are convenient, to a certain extent, only code developers can ensure their effectiveness. In order to prevent sessions or cookies from being hijacked, encryption mechanisms and signatures can be used to process cookies and sessions to ensure that they are not illegally obtained.

Summary:

In PHP, the code audit process is mainly to reduce security vulnerabilities and improve the security of the website. To do a thorough code audit, developers need to understand some basic points of PHP, such as sensitive functions, input checks, injection checks, file upload checks, etc. listed above. PHP code audit is not a task that can be completed in a short time. It requires developers to improve their technical level through continuous learning and practice to ensure website security.

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