A guide to virtualization technology in Linux systems

With the continuous development of computer technology, virtualization technology has attracted more and more attention. Virtualization technology is a technology that simulates one computer into multiple computers, where the virtual machine is the simulated computer. In the computer field, virtualization technology has been widely used. In this article, we will discuss virtualization technology in Linux systems.

Linux is a very popular operating system and its virtualization technology is also very diverse. Below we will introduce several major virtualization technologies in Linux systems.

1. Full virtualization

Full virtualization technology means that the operating system running in the virtual machine does not need to modify the hardware, that is, it can run directly on the virtual machine . In Linux systems, Xen is a commonly used full virtualization technology. It can simulate a computer into multiple virtual machines, and each virtual machine can run a different operating system. Xen allocates the computer's hardware resources to each virtual machine during virtualization to achieve isolation between different virtual machines. In addition, KVM (Kernel Virtual Machine) is also a full virtualization technology commonly used in Linux systems, which virtualizes the operating system into a complete virtual machine.

2. Paravirtualization

Paravirtualization technology means that the operating system in the virtual machine needs to be modified before it can run on the virtual machine. In Linux systems, both Xen and KVM support paravirtualization technology. The advantage of paravirtualization technology over full virtualization technology is higher performance, but it requires modifications to the operating system, thus requiring additional workload.

3. Containerization

Containerization technology refers to packaging an application and its dependent libraries and components into a container and running it in this container. Docker is a commonly used containerization technology and is widely used in Linux systems. Docker containers can run on different computers to meet the deployment needs of applications in different environments. Docker containers can run in different Linux systems because they all share the same Linux kernel.

4. Lightweight virtualization

Lightweight virtualization technology refers to sharing the operating system kernel between different virtual environments to improve the communication between virtual machines. performance and the ability to collaborate with each other. In Linux systems, OpenVZ is a commonly used lightweight virtualization technology. It does not need to allocate independent resources to each virtual machine, but allows multiple virtual machines to share the same operating system kernel and hardware resources.

Summary

The virtualization technology in Linux system is very rich, including full virtualization, paravirtualization, containerization, lightweight virtualization and other technologies. Different virtualization technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages, and it is very important to choose the virtualization technology that suits you. For the need to run multiple different operating systems, full virtualization technology may be the best choice. If higher performance and better resource utilization efficiency are required, containerization and lightweight virtualization technologies may be better solutions.

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