How to use Linux for network testing

Linux is a commonly used operating system. It can not only be used for general desktop applications and server applications, but also can use some specific tools to test network performance and security. This article will introduce commonly used network testing tools and usage methods under Linux.

1. Commonly used network testing tools

1.1 ping

The ping command is one of the most basic network testing tools. It can be used to detect local host and Connectivity between target hosts. By sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) data packets to the target host, the ping command can test the host's response speed and whether packets are lost. The usage is as follows:

ping

For example, ping Baidu’s IP address:

ping 220.181.38.148

1.2 traceroute

The traceroute command can be used to trace the routers and gateways that data packets pass through from the local host to the target host. It sends a series of UDP packets and records the IP addresses of the routers and gateways that each packet passes through from the local host to the target host. The usage method is as follows:

traceroute

For example, traceroute Baidu’s IP address:

traceroute 220.181.38.148

1.3 mtr

mtr is a comprehensive network testing tool that combines the functions of ping and traceroute. It can continuously ping the target host and output the IP address and network delay of the routers and gateways passed from the local host to the target host during the test. The usage is as follows:

mtr

For example, mtr Baidu’s IP address:

mtr 220.181.38.148

1.4 netcat

Netcat is a tool set that provides some simple network testing and network programming functions. For example, you can use netcat to send and receive TCP and UDP packets, or you can use netcat as a server to listen on the port and handle connection requests. The usage is as follows:

Send TCP packet:

echo "" | nc

Receive TCP packets:

nc -l

For example, send an HTTP GET request to Baidu's port 80:

echo "GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: www.baidu.com
" | nc 220.181.38.148 80

1.5 HTTPie

HTTPie is a tool that can be used Command line tool for testing HTTP API interfaces. It supports multiple request methods and data formats, and provides friendly output formats. The usage is as follows:

Send a GET request:

http

Send a POST request:

http POST < ;Request body>

For example, send a GET request to httpbin.org:

http httpbin.org/get

2. Network Security Testing Tool

2.1 nmap

nmap is a commonly used network scanning tool. It can scan the open ports and network services of the target host and provide relevant information. nmap supports a variety of scanning methods and options, and can perform operations such as TCP or UDP port scanning, operating system identification, and service version detection. The usage method is as follows:

Scan all ports of the target host:

nmap

Scan the specified port of the target host:

nmap -p

For example, scan Baidu’s 80 port:

nmap -p 80 220.181.38.148

2.2 Wireshark

Wireshark is a network protocol analysis tool that can capture, analyze and reproduce network packets by listening to network traffic. Wireshark supports multiple protocols and data formats, and provides flexible filtering mechanisms and statistical functions. The usage is as follows:

Start Wireshark and select the network interface to monitor.

Set a listening filter, for example, only listen to the TCP protocol:

tcp

Start monitoring network traffic, Wireshark will display all transmitted packets.

For example, use Wireshark to monitor the local en0 interface and TCP protocol:

wireshark -i en0 -f "tcp"

Summary

This article introduces Commonly used network testing tools and usage methods under Linux include ping, traceroute, mtr, netcat, HTTPie, nmap and Wireshark, etc. Through the use of these tools, network performance and security can be effectively tested, helping administrators identify and solve network problems.

The above is the detailed content of How to use Linux for network testing. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!