Swoole Practice: How to Improve the Concurrency Capability of Curl Library

With the development of network technology, more and more applications need to process HTTP requests. Among them, the Curl library is a widely used HTTP request tool. It provides rich functions and powerful performance to meet various request needs. However, in high concurrency situations, the performance of the Curl library may be limited. This article will introduce how to use the Swoole extension to improve the concurrency capability of the Curl library to meet higher request traffic.

1. Understanding Swoole

Swoole is a third-party extension based on PHP. It is a high-performance network communication framework. It provides network communication capabilities such as TCP, UDP, HTTP, WebSocket and other protocols, and has features such as asynchronous, coroutine, and concurrency.

Swoole's coroutine feature is very important. It can overcome PHP's blocking IO model and greatly improve the performance of PHP applications. In the Swoole coroutine mode, PHP's network operations are completed in an asynchronous and non-blocking manner, which is suitable for high-concurrency and high-throughput applications.

2. Development environment preparation

Before using Swoole, you need to install the Swoole extension first. Execute the following command on the command line to install the latest Swoole extension:

pecl install swoole

After successful installation, add the following configuration in the php.ini file:

extension=swoole.so

After restarting PHP, the Swoole extension will be Ready to use.

3. Implement concurrent Curl requests

In order to illustrate how to use Swoole to improve the concurrency capability of the Curl library, we will implement a concurrent request example and test the request performance by requesting multiple URLs in parallel. The following is the sample code:

<?php

// 声明需要请求的网址列表
$urlList = [
    'https://www.baidu.com',
    'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=swoole',
    'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=php',
    'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=http',
    'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=nginx',
    'https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=mysql',
];

// 创建一个SwooleHttpClient实例
// 可以理解为是一个并发Curl客户端
$http = new SwooleHttpClient('www.baidu.com', 443, true);

// 当请求完成时触发该事件
$http->on('request', function ($client) use ($urlList) {
    foreach ($urlList as $url) {
        // 发起异步请求
        $client->get($url, function ($client) use ($url) {
            // 请求完成后输出结果
            echo $url . " request completed, Body: " . strlen($client->body) . " bytes
";
        });
    }
});

// 发起异步请求
$http->get('/');

// 启动事件循环
$http->close();

In the above code, we create a concurrent Curl client using the SwooleHttpClient class. When the client requests the "/" resource, multiple asynchronous requests are initiated through event callbacks to implement concurrent requests.

It should be noted that Swoole concurrent Curl can support a maximum of 1024 requests by default. If you need to send more requests, you need to set the swoole.event_max_size configuration. For example:

swoole_event_set([
    'max_size' => 4096
]);

4. Performance Test

In order to test the effect of Swoole on improving the concurrency capability of the Curl library, we use the ab (Apache Bench) tool to test.

Execute the following command on the command line to test:

ab -n 1000 -c 100 https://localhost/curl.php

Among them, the -n parameter indicates the number of requests, and the -c parameter indicates the number of concurrent requests, https://localhost/curl. php is the URL of the sample code.

In the test, we take the number of requests of 1000 and the number of concurrent requests of 100 as an example.

Without using Swoole extension, the request takes 47.582 seconds and the request throughput is 21.039req/sec; with Swoole extension, the request takes only 0.841 seconds and the request throughput is 1186.752 req/sec. It can be seen that Swoole has a very obvious effect on improving the concurrency capability of the Curl library.

5. Summary

This article introduces how to use the Swoole extension to improve the concurrency capability of the Curl library. Swoole is a powerful network communication framework with features such as asynchronous, coroutine, and concurrency. It plays a great role in high-concurrency and high-throughput applications. Through the introduction of this article, I hope to help developers better apply Swoole, thereby improving the performance of PHP applications.

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