Swoole performance breakthrough: asynchronous tcp server development guide

Swoole is an asynchronous, parallel, high-performance network communication framework under the PHP language, which can implement high-performance network applications such as asynchronous TCP/UDP and asynchronous MySQL. Compared with the shortcomings of pure PHP in network communication, Swoole can greatly improve the performance of network applications and reduce server bandwidth and CPU usage. It is a very practical tool.

This article will introduce how to use the Swoole framework to develop TCP services. In this article we'll learn how to build an efficient, scalable asynchronous TCP server by exploring Swoole's framework, API, and examples.

Step one: Install Swoole

In the same PHP environment as Swoole development, install the latest version of Swoole through composer:

composer require swoole/swoole

You can also install Swoole through the source code. You can download the source code from GitHub and compile it, then use the PHP extension.

Step 2: Create a TCP server

It is very easy to create a TCP server using the Swoole framework. Through the following code, you can create a simple Echo TCP server:

$server = new SwooleServer('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_PROCESS, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);

$server->on('connect', function ($server, $fd){
    echo "Client {$fd} connected.
";
});

$server->on('receive', function ($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data){
    $server->send($fd, "Server: " . $data);
});

$server->on('close', function ($server, $fd){
    echo "Client {$fd} disconnected.
";
});

$server->start();

In the above code, we created a TCP server and registered it through the $server->on method Event callback function. connect event is triggered when the client connects to the server; receive event is triggered when client data is received; close event is triggered when the client disconnects trigger.

When receiving data from the client, we send it back through the $server->send() method.

Step Three: Asynchronous Programming

Swoole takes the asynchronous IO model as the core and fully supports asynchronous programming. Swoole provides a set of APIs that are programmed differently from conventional programming models, enabling PHP developers to easily do asynchronous programming.

In Swoole, synchronous PHP functions are changed to asynchronous functions. For example, file_get_contents is changed to swoole_async_readfile, mysql_connect is changed to swoole_mysql_connect.

The following is a simple asynchronous file reading example:

$filename = "/tmp/test.txt";
$swoole_event = new SwooleEvent();

$swoole_event->add($fp = fopen($filename, "r"), function($fp){
    echo fread($fp, 8192);
    swoole_event_del($fp);
    fclose($fp);
});

In the above code, we use Swoole's SwooleEvent class and add()Method to read files asynchronously. We pass a file pointer and a callback function. When the read is complete, the callback function is executed and the file pointer is removed from the event listener.

Step 4: Performance Experience

Swoole's asynchronous TCP server can handle a large number of concurrent requests and maintain efficient performance during peak server load periods. This means that under the same hardware conditions, using Swoole can achieve higher throughput and lower latency.

The following code can be used for performance testing:

<?php
$server = new SwooleServer('127.0.0.1', 9501, SWOOLE_PROCESS, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP);

$server->set(array(
    'worker_num' => 4,
    'backlog' => 128,
));

$server->on('connect', function ($server, $fd){
});

$server->on('receive', function ($server, $fd, $reactor_id, $data){
    $server->send($fd, "Server: " . $data);
});

$server->on('close', function ($server, $fd){
});

$server->start();

We can use the ab command to test:

$ ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://127.0.0.1:9501/

During the test process, the machine’s CPU utilization The rate and I/O wait time will be significantly reduced, reports will appear.

Swoole is a very practical framework that provides powerful asynchronous IO support and high-performance network programming capabilities. Using Swoole, we can get higher throughput, lower latency and less CPU usage on the same hardware. More and more PHP developers have begun to use Swoole to build efficient and scalable asynchronous network applications.

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