Using SwaggerUI in Golang for API online documentation automation

Using SwaggerUI for API online documentation automation in Golang

The use of APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) has become a necessary element in modern application development. API makes front-end and back-end separation, microservices and cloud applications easier. However, a good API does not just implement functionality, but is user-friendly and easy to use. For this reason, documented APIs are becoming increasingly important. The benefit of online documentation is that you can learn about the API before operating it.

In this article, we will introduce how to use SwaggerUI to record API documentation and how to automate this process in Golang so that it is easier to maintain and provide readable documentation so that other teams and partners can understand you. API.

SwaggerUI is a popular tool for creating documentation for APIs, generating interactive API documentation, describing the API in a visual way, and can generate both human-readable documentation and machine-readable JSON or YAML. SwaggerUI integrates with many programming languages, including Golang.

First, you need to use the Golang implementation of SwaggerUI - Swag. Swag is an automated API documentation tool that combines Go language annotations and Swagger annotations to automatically generate Swagger 2.0 documents.

Step 1: Install Swag

Download and install Swag using the following commands in terminal/cmd:

go get -u github.com/swaggo/swag/cmd/swag

Step 2: Add Swagger annotations in the code

Add Swagger comments to the code to describe the API.

Add Swagger annotation in the comment above the HTTP handler function, for example:

// GetByID godoc // @Summary Get user details by ID // @Description Get user details by ID // @Tags user // @Accept json // @Produce json // @Param id path int true "User ID" // @Success 200 {object} model.User // @Failure 400 {object} ErrorResponse // @Router /users/{id} [get] func GetByID(c *gin.Context) { //…code here… }

Step 3: Generate Swagger JSON file

Use the following command in the root directory of the code base Generate Swagger JSON file in:

swag init

This command will use the Swagger annotation in the code and generate a Swagger JSON file. You can also add it in your project's Makefile.

Step 4: Integrate SwaggerUI

Swag uses SwaggerUI as the front end for displaying API documents in the browser. We need to statically reverse proxy the files in SwaggerUI to our application.

Assume our Golang application is running on port 8080. The version of SwaggerUI we will be using is v3.31.1. We can download it from the official SwaggerUI GitHub page by:

curl -L https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui/archive/v3.31.1.tar.gz -o swagger-ui.tar.gz tar -xf swagger-ui.tar.gz

This will generate the swagger-ui folder in the local directory, which contains all the files of SwaggerUI. We will use nginx as a reverse proxy server (you can use Apache, Caddy, etc.), start nginx with the following command in terminal/cmd:

nginx -c /path/to/nginx.conf

In the nginx.conf file, we need to add the following:

http { server { listen 8081; # 访问静态文件的端口 server_name _; root /path/to/swagger-ui/dist; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @go; } location @go { proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; # 代理请求的端口 } location /swagger-ui/ { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } } }

In the above nginx configuration, we add the static SwaggerUI folder /swagger-ui/dist directory to the root directory of the nginx server as static files, and we proxy to localhost:8080 (our own application ) are forwarded to the port listened by port 8081. We view and use SwaggerUI by visiting http://localhost:8081/swagger-ui/.

Step 5: View the API documentation

Visit http://localhost:8081/swagger-ui/ in the browser, the SwaggerUI application will display the SwaggerUI static files that appear in the root directory folder. You can find a list of all well-documented APIs on this page. Click on the API documentation you want to view to be displayed on the right. The website provides an API user-friendly interface for testing and viewing API documentation directly on the API. During this process, the GUI displays the detailed information automatically extracted by Swagger annotations, such as providing the parameters of this API, body information, API version, API format, etc. This will greatly save you time and energy in writing documents.

Conclusion

API documentation is an important tool in the API design and development process, so we need to consider documented APIs when building applications. Using the automation tool Swag, we can easily automate API documentation in Golang. It is also very convenient to use SwaggerUI as a visualization tool to view and test documented APIs. This will help other teams and collaboration partners and make it easier for them to understand our API.

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