centos compile and install mysql

CentOS is a popular Linux distribution. For users who want to build a MySQL database on CentOS, a common method is to use a package manager (such as yum) to install precompiled binaries. But sometimes we may need to compile and build MySQL from source code ourselves. This article will introduce how to compile and install MySQL on CentOS.

Step 1: Prepare the compilation environment

Before compiling MySQL, we need to install some necessary dependencies to ensure that the system can compile and execute MySQL. You can install the required dependencies at once through the following command:

sudo yum -y install cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel openssl-devel wget 

The above command will install several important dependencies required to compile MySQL, including cmake, gcc, gcc-c, ncurses-devel, openssl-devel and wget.

Step 2: Download MySQL source code

You can download the latest source code package from the MySQL official website, such as "mysql-8.0.23.tar.gz" and save it to "/ "usr/local/src" folder:

sudo wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.23.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src/

Then decompress the downloaded source code package:

sudo tar xf /usr/local/src/mysql-8.0.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

Then give the ownership of the MySQL decompressed folder to the MySQL user:

sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/src/mysql-8.0.23

Step 3: Compile MySQL

Before compiling MySQL, we need to create a build directory and CD to the directory:

sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/build
cd /usr/local/mysql/build

Next, we use the cmake command to build MySQL to configure. Set the "-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX" option to "/usr/local/mysql" and specify the directory where MySQL binaries and library files are to be installed:

sudo cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql

Then we run the make command to compile MySQL:

sudo make

This process takes some time and depends on your machine performance. Once the compilation is completed, you can use the following command to install MySQL to the specified directory (/usr/local/mysql):

sudo make install

Step 4: Configure MySQL

Once MySQL is compiled and installed successfully, We need to create a configuration file for it to start the MySQL daemon.

In the MySQL source code directory, copy the "my.cnf" template file to the "/etc" directory:

sudo cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

Then change the "/usr/local/mysql/bin" path Add to the PATH environment variable of the system:

sudo vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

Add the following command in the file:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

Make the configuration file take effect:

source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

Then set the MySQL data directory and set it as MySQL creates a new system user and group:

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd mysql -r -g mysql -s /bin/false
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

Next, we will run the mysql_install_db script to initialize the MySQL system tables and set up basic security settings:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --ldata=/var/lib/mysql

Finally, we will create a Systemd service file so that MySQL can start automatically and restart after a system reboot:

sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

Add the following content to the file:

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/mysql
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -p shutdown
TimeoutSec=30
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Then reload Systemd and start the MySQL service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable mysql
sudo systemctl start mysql

Now you have successfully compiled and installed MySQL on CentOS! You can start, stop and restart the MySQL service using the following commands:

sudo systemctl start mysql
sudo systemctl stop mysql
sudo systemctl restart mysql

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