Integration of PHP and database maintenance

With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, databases have become an indispensable part of enterprise information construction and management. At the same time, compared with traditional development languages ​​such as ASP and JSP, PHP has a higher application rate and future. Currently, PHP has become one of the most popular web development languages ​​in the world. This article aims to explore the integration of PHP and database maintenance and explore how to better utilize this powerful combination.

First of all, we need to clarify a few concepts. A database is a system for storing, managing and processing data. PHP is a web development language that can be executed on the server. The two are easily combined. By using PHP to connect to the database, operations such as addition, deletion, modification and query of data can be achieved.

Generally speaking, we need to use a programming language (such as PHP) to perform the following three database operations:

1. Connect to the database: Connecting to the database is the first step when dealing with the database in PHP , only after successfully connecting to the database can subsequent data processing be carried out.

2. Execute SQL statements: SQL (Structured Query Language) is a query language commonly used in databases. We can write SQL statements in PHP, and then execute these statements to complete operations such as addition, deletion, modification, and query.

3. Close the database: The security of the database is very important. It is necessary to control the duration of the connection and close the database connection in time after the data processing is completed.

For the above three operations, PHP resource manager MySQLi and PDO can be fully completed. Among them, MySQLi is an extension of MySQL (an open source database) and provides some MySQL API functions. PDO (PHP Data Objects) is a general database connection and abstraction library that supports multiple database types.

Below we will introduce the advantages and usage of MySQLi and PDO respectively.

1. MySQLi

MySQLi is PHP’s MySQL extension (PHP’s MySQL extension), which implements all the functions of MySQL 5.0 version. The MySQLi library provides some new APIs and improves the features of some old APIs. Here are the advantages of MySQLi:

1. Faster: MySQLi is specially designed and optimized for speed. For example, MySQLi supports reusing previous MySQL connections, so you don't have to create a new connection every time.

2. Stored procedures and prepared statements: MySQLi supports stored procedures and prepared statements, which greatly improves the efficiency and security of the database.

3. Object-oriented and process-oriented programming: MySQLi provides two different APIs to facilitate programmers to choose the best programming method according to actual needs.

The following is the basic code for MySQLi to connect to the MySQL database:

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";

// 创建连接
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);

// 检查连接
if (!$conn) {
    die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error());
}
echo "Connect successfully";
?>

2. PDO

PDO (PHP Data Objects) is a way for PHP to access the database and supports a variety of Database type, including MySQL, Oracle, MS SQL Server, SQLite, etc. The following are the advantages of PDO:

1. Higher security: PDO enables prepared statements by default, which greatly reduces the risk of SQL injection attacks in database operations.

2. Better portability: PDO can use multiple databases, which greatly improves the portability of the application. Developers can more easily switch databases without changing all application code.

3. Object-oriented approach: PDO is developed in an object-oriented approach, which provides PHP programmers with a more intuitive interface and complex query API.

The following is the basic code for PDO to connect to the MySQL database:

<?php
$host = 'localhost';
$dbname = 'test';
$username = 'root';
$password = '';

try {
    // 创建一个 PDO 实例
    $pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    echo "连接成功"; 
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
    die("创建失败: " . $e->getMessage());
}
?>

Summary

In summary, the integration of PHP and database maintenance can achieve a more efficient and secure database operate. MySQLi and PDO are both commonly used database connection methods in the PHP language. They each have their own advantages and applicable scenarios. By introducing and learning the above two database connection methods, we can better use them and improve our programming skills.

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