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Analysis of IO instance application in java

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Release: 2023-05-06 12:19:06
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    一、IO概念

    • I/O 即输入Input/ 输出Output的缩写,其实就是计算机调度把各个存储中(包括内存和外部存储)的数据写入写出

    • java中用“流(stream)”来抽象表示这么一个写入写出的功能,封装成一个“类”,都放在java.io这个包里面。

    • java.io包下提供了各种“流”类和接口,用以获取不同种类的数据,并 通过标准的方法输入或输出数据

    1.什么是输入

    程序从内存中读取数据叫输入Input。

    2.什么输出(Output)

    程序把数据写入到内存中叫输出Output。

    二、流的分类

    • 按操作数据单位不同分为:字节流(8 bit),字符流(16 bit)

    • 按数据流的流向不同分为:输入流,输出流

    • 按流的角色的不同分为:节点流,处理流

    IO流体系

    Analysis of IO instance application in java

    1、InputStream(字节流)

    示例:

     public static void main(String[] args) {
           iprt();
        }
        public static void ipst(){
            InputStream inputStream = null;
            try {
                inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\1.txt");
                int i;
                while ( (i = inputStream.read()) != -1){
                    System.out.print((char) i);
                }
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    if (inputStream != null){
                        inputStream.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
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    说明:使用InputStream向内存中读如文件数据。

    2、OutputStream(字节流)

    示例:

    public class ImageCopy {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            try(
                    InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:\\KDA.jpg");
                    OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("E:\\aaa\\KDA.jpg")
             ){
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                int i;
                while ((i = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
                    outputStream.write(bytes,0,i);
                }
            }  catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
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    说明:使用输入流与输出流结合实现图片复制的功能。

    3、Reader(字符流)

    示例:

    public static  void iprt(){
            Reader reader = null;
            try {
                reader = new FileReader("C:\\1.txt");
                int i ;
                while ((i =  reader.read()) != -1){
                    System.out.print((char) i);
                }
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                    try {
                        if (reader != null) {
                            reader.close();
                        }
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
            }
        }
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    说明:使用Reader(字符流)从文件中读入数据。

    4、Writer(字符流)

    public static  void iprt(){
            Reader reader = null;
            Writer writer = null;
            try {
                reader = new FileReader("C:\\Users\\52425\\Desktop\\1.txt");
                writer = new FileWriter("C:\\2.txt");
                int i ;
                while ((i =  reader.read()) != -1){
                    writer.write(i);
                }
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                    try {
                            writer.close();
                            reader.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
            }
        }
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    说明:使用字符流实现文件复制功能。

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