What are the five basic building blocks of a Neumann architecture computer?

The five basic components of a Neumann architecture computer are arithmetic units, memory, input devices, output devices and controllers; the Neumann architecture, also known as the Princeton architecture, is a combination of program instruction memory and data memory. memory structure together.

#The operating environment of this article: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

What are the five basic components of a Neumann architecture computer?

The five basic components of a von Neumann architecture computer include arithmetic units, memory, input devices, output devices and controllers.

Its characteristics are: the program is stored in the memory in the form of binary code; all instructions are composed of operation codes and address codes; instructions are stored in the order of execution during their storage process; The arithmetic unit and the controller serve as the center of the computer structure. Von Neumann computers are widely used in data processing and control, but they have certain limitations.

The Hungarian-American scientist von Neumann first proposed the idea of ​​program storage and successfully applied it to the design of computers. The computer built based on this principle is called von Neumann Structural computer. Due to his outstanding contributions to modern computer technology, von Neumann is also known as the "Father of Modern Computers".

The von Neumann structure, also known as the Princeton structure, is a memory structure that combines program instruction memory and data memory. The program instruction storage address and the data storage address point to different physical locations in the same memory, so the width of the program instructions and data are the same. For example, the program instructions and data of Intel's 8086 central processor are both 16 bits wide.

The mathematician von Neumann proposed three basic principles for computer manufacturing, namely the use of binary logic, program storage and execution, and the computer is composed of five parts (operator, controller, memory, input device, output device), this theory is called the von Neumann architecture.

Extended information:

The computer system is composed of hardware and software. System software refers to the ability to manage computer hardware resources, and its core is the operating system. The computer system is composed of three layers: hardware, software and application software. The lower layer provides support for the upper layer functions.

From the perspective of a computer designer, the computer system implements its functions. But it is very meaningful. Each level here implements a specific function and has a specific imaginary machine corresponding to it. Lower-level virtual machines can also be called to complete various tasks when necessary.

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