Using PHP to tinker with a snowflake algorithm

<?php
class SnowFlake
{
    const TWEPOCH = 0; // 时间起始标记点，作为基准，一般取系统的最近时间（一旦确定不能变动）
    const WORKER_ID_BITS     = 5; // 机器标识位数
    const DATACENTER_ID_BITS = 5; // 数据中心标识位数
    const SEQUENCE_BITS      = 12; // 毫秒内自增位
    private $workerId; // 工作机器ID
    private $datacenterId; // 数据中心ID
    private $sequence; // 毫秒内序列
    private $maxWorkerId     = -1 ^ (-1 << self::WORKER_ID_BITS); // 机器ID最大值
    private $maxDatacenterId = -1 ^ (-1 << self::DATACENTER_ID_BITS); // 数据中心ID最大值
    private $workerIdShift      = self::SEQUENCE_BITS; // 机器ID偏左移位数
    private $datacenterIdShift  = self::SEQUENCE_BITS + self::WORKER_ID_BITS; // 数据中心ID左移位数
    private $timestampLeftShift = self::SEQUENCE_BITS + self::WORKER_ID_BITS + self::DATACENTER_ID_BITS; // 时间毫秒左移位数
    private $sequenceMask       = -1 ^ (-1 << self::SEQUENCE_BITS); // 生成序列的掩码
    private $lastTimestamp = -1; // 上次生产id时间戳
    public function __construct($workerId, $datacenterId, $sequence = 0)
    {
        if ($workerId > $this->maxWorkerId || $workerId < 0) {
            throw new Exception("worker Id can&#39;t be greater than {$this->maxWorkerId} or less than 0");
        }
        if ($datacenterId > $this->maxDatacenterId || $datacenterId < 0) {
            throw new Exception("datacenter Id can&#39;t be greater than {$this->maxDatacenterId} or less than 0");
        }
        $this->workerId     = $workerId;
        $this->datacenterId = $datacenterId;
        $this->sequence     = $sequence;
    }
    public function createId()
    {
        $timestamp = $this->createTimestamp();
        if ($timestamp < $this->lastTimestamp) {//当产生的时间戳小于上次的生成的时间戳时，报错
            $diffTimestamp = bcsub($this->lastTimestamp, $timestamp);
            throw new Exception("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id for {$diffTimestamp} milliseconds");
        }
        if ($this->lastTimestamp == $timestamp) {//当生成的时间戳等于上次生成的时间戳的时候
            $this->sequence = ($this->sequence + 1) & $this->sequenceMask;//序列自增一次
            if (0 == $this->sequence) {//当序列为0时，重新生成最新的时间戳
                $timestamp = $this->createNextTimestamp($this->lastTimestamp);
            }
        } else {//当生成的时间戳不等于上次的生成的时间戳的时候，序列归0
            $this->sequence = 0;
        }
        $this->lastTimestamp = $timestamp;
        return (($timestamp - self::TWEPOCH) << $this->timestampLeftShift) |
            ($this->datacenterId << $this->datacenterIdShift) |
            ($this->workerId << $this->workerIdShift) |
            $this->sequence;
    }
    protected function createNextTimestamp($lastTimestamp) //生成一个大于等于 上次生成的时间戳 的时间戳
    {
        $timestamp = $this->createTimestamp();
        while ($timestamp <= $lastTimestamp) {
            $timestamp = $this->createTimestamp();
        }
        return $timestamp;
    }
    protected function createTimestamp()//生成毫秒级别的时间戳
    {
        return floor(microtime(true) * 1000);
    }
}
?>