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ASP.NET MVC WeChat JS-SDK certification example tutorial

Y2J
Release: 2017-04-25 11:31:16
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ASP.NET MVC微信JS-SDK认证,具体内容:

写在前面

前阵子因为有个项目需要做微信自定义分享功能,因而去研究了下微信JS-SDK相关知识。

此文做个简单的记(tu)录(cao)...

开始
所有的东西都从文档开始:微信JSSDK说明文档

项目需要用到的是分享接口 不过使用微信JS-SDK之前,需要做JS接口认证。

认证如下:

步骤一:绑定域名

步骤二:引入JS文件

步骤三:通过config接口注入权限验证配置

步骤四:通过ready接口处理成功验证

步骤五:通过error接口处理失败验证

具体解释:

步骤一中允许使用域名/子域名,只要xx.com/xxx.txt或者xx.com/mp/xxx.txt能访问就好。域名认证通过之后,此域名下的所有端口的网站都可以使用JS-SDK。

步骤二没什么问题,略过。

步骤三最磨人,下面单独讲解。

config接口注入权限验证配置

先来一段说明:

所有需要使用JS-SDK的页面必须先注入配置信息,否则将无法调用(同一个url仅需调用一次,对于变化url的SPA的web app可在每次url变化时进行调用,目前Android微信客户端不支持pushState的H5新特性,所以使用pushState来实现web app的页面会导致签名失败,此问题会在Android6.2中修复)。

wx.config({
 debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来,
 //若要查看传入的参数,可以在pc端打开,参数信息会通过log打出,仅在pc端时才会打印。
 appId: '', // 必填,公众号的唯一标识
 timestamp: , // 必填,生成签名的时间戳
 nonceStr: '', // 必填,生成签名的随机串
 signature: '',// 必填,签名,见附录1
 jsApiList: [] // 必填,需要使用的JS接口列表,所有JS接口列表见附录2
});
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看到这里肯定懵逼了,这是都什么鬼...怎么玩啊。

提示我们去看附录1...看完之后总结如下:

1.使用config接口注入权限验证配置,重点是生成合法的signatrue
2.生成signature需要通过appid和secret获取token
3.时间戳和调用接口URL必不可少
4.此操作需要服务端完成,不能使用客户端实现

整个过程变成:

1.通过appid和secret获取access_token,接着使用token获取jsapi_ticket;

2.拿到jsapi_ticket之后,把jsapi_ticket、时间戳、随机字符串、接口调用页面URL 拼接成完整字符串,使用sha1算法加密得到signature。

3.最后返回至页面,在wx.config里面填入appid,上一步的时间戳timestamp,上一部的随机字符串、sha1拿到的signature,想要使用的JS接口。

废话少说,直接上代码吧。

代码时间

 public class WeiXinController : Controller
 {
 public static readonly string appid =
 System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["wxappid"];

 public static readonly string secret =
 System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["wxsecret"];

 public static readonly bool isDedug =
 System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["IsDebug"] =="true";


 public static string _ticket = "";
 public static DateTime _lastTimestamp;

 public ActionResult Info(string url,string noncestr)
 {
  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_ticket) || 
  _lastTimestamp == null || (_lastTimestamp - DateTime.Now).Milliseconds > 7200)
  {
  var resultString = HTTPHelper.GetHTMLByURL("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="
   + appid + "&secret=" + secret);
  dynamic resultValue = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(resultString);
  if (resultValue == null || resultValue.access_token == null 
  || resultValue.access_token.Value == null)
  {
   return Json(new { issuccess = false, 
   error = "获取token失败" });
  }
  var token = resultValue.access_token.Value;

  resultString = HTTPHelper.GetHTMLByURL
  ("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + 
  token + "&type=jsapi");
  dynamic ticketValue = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(resultString);
  if (ticketValue == null || ticketValue.errcode == null
  || ticketValue.errcode.Value != 0 || ticketValue.ticket == null)
   return Json(new { issuccess = false,
   error = "获取ticketValue失败" });
  _ticket = ticketValue.ticket.Value;
  _lastTimestamp = DateTime.Now;
  var timestamp = GetTimeStamp();
  var hexString = string.Format("jsapi_ticket={0}&noncestr={3}&timestamp={1}&url={2}",
  _ticket, timestamp, url,noncestr);

  return Json(new {
   issuccess = true, 
   sha1value = GetSHA1Value(hexString), 
   timestamp = timestamp, 
   url = url, 
   appid = appid, 
   debug=isDedug,
   tiket=_ticket
  });
  
  }
  else
  {
  var timestamp = GetTimeStamp();
  var hexString = string.Format("jsapi_ticket={0}&noncestr=1234567890123456&timestamp={1}&url={2}",
   _ticket, timestamp, url);
  return Json(new { 
   issuccess = true, sha1value = GetSHA1Value(hexString),
   timestamp = timestamp, url = url,
   appid = appid, debug = isDedug,tiket = _ticket
  });
  }
 }


 private string GetSHA1Value(string sourceString)
 {
  var hash = SHA1.Create().ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sourceString));
  return string.Join("", 
  hash.Select(b => b.ToString("x2")).ToArray());
 }

 private static string GetTimeStamp()
 {

  TimeSpan ts = DateTime.Now - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);

  return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();

 }

 }
 
 public class HTTPHelper
 {
 public static string GetHTMLByURL(string url)
 {
  string htmlCode = string.Empty;
  try
  {
  HttpWebRequest webRequest = (System.Net.HttpWebRequest)System.Net.WebRequest.Create(url);
  webRequest.Timeout = 30000;
  webRequest.Method = "GET";
  webRequest.UserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0";
  webRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
  HttpWebResponse webResponse = (System.Net.HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
  //获取目标网站的编码格式
  string contentype = webResponse.Headers["Content-Type"];
  Regex regex = new Regex("charset\\s*=\\s*[\\W]?\\s*([\\w-]+)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
  if (webResponse.ContentEncoding.ToLower() == "gzip")//如果使用了GZip则先解压
  {
   using (System.IO.Stream streamReceive = webResponse.GetResponseStream())
   {
   using (var zipStream = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(streamReceive, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Decompress))
   {
    //匹配编码格式
    if (regex.IsMatch(contentype))
    {
    Encoding ending = Encoding.GetEncoding
    (regex.Match(contentype).Groups[1].Value.Trim());
    using (StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(zipStream, ending))
    {
     htmlCode = sr.ReadToEnd();
    }
    }
    else
    {
    using (StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(zipStream, Encoding.UTF8))
    {
     htmlCode = sr.ReadToEnd();
    }
    }
   }
   }
  }
  else
  {
   using (System.IO.Stream streamReceive = webResponse.GetResponseStream())
   {
   var encoding = Encoding.Default;
   if (contentype.Contains("utf"))
    encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
   using (System.IO.StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(streamReceive, encoding))
   {
    htmlCode = sr.ReadToEnd();
   }

   }
  }
  return htmlCode;
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
  return "";
  }
 }
 }
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PS:这里要注意缓存一下_ticket(即access_token),照微信文档说的,access_token两个小时内有效,不需要频繁调用。而且获取access_token的接口有调用次数的限制,如果超过了次数,就不允许调用了。

PPS:建议noncestr和URL由前台传入比较适合,使用 var theWebUrl = window.location.href.split('#')[0] 获取URL,noncestr就随意了。

PPPS:遇到诡异的invalid signature的时候,首先检查url参数,然后检查noncestr,再不行重启一下程序获取一个新的token回来继续玩。

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