photoshop frequently asked questions and analysis

FAQ:

1. When the save disk is full appears in PS?

Can be set in Edit - Preferences - Plug-ins and Saves.

2. There is not enough RAM?

You can adjust the maximum amount of PS occupied to 100% in Edit - Preferences - Memory and Image Cache. If you save the image in JPG format, select Baseline Optimized in the save options. That’s it.

3. When saving image formats during operation, how many formats are there?

You can look at the current mode and change it to RGB.

4. When the position of the picture cannot be moved in PS, check whether the current mode is index mode? Just convert to RGB.

5. When the newly created document cannot be filled with color images, you should also check whether the current mode is grayscale. If it is, just change it to RGB.

6. When the PS file is opened, it prompts "Unable to complete the request and unexpectedly encountered the end of the file." What is going on?

This is caused by damage to your file. If you can preview it, , there is a way to save it, you can use Adobe ImageReady in Photoshop to open the file and then save the file.

7. When using the pen tool, why is it that the pen tool is magnetic?

You can remove the rubber band check in the property bar.

8. Why can’t I create a new layer in PHOTOSHOP CS2 9.0?

Execute the "Image"-"Mode" menu and change the "Index Color" to "RGB Color" to create a new layer. CYMK color and LAB color modes also support new layers.

"Bitmap", "RGB Color", "Multi-channel" and other modes do not support creating new layers.

9. Why is there no ‘hardness’ in the brush in my photoshop7.0?

The hardness is found in the "Brush Tip Shape" after you press "F5".

If it still doesn't work, select the brush tool and there is a brush in the frontmost position on the property bar. You can right-click there, then select the reset tool, and try again

10. Why are the edges of the gradient I made so blurry?

When you select the selection tool... there is feathering on the status bar of the tool above. If you set the value to 0, you will not have this problem.

11. I drew a heart with a Photoshop pen, but when I was coloring it said that I couldn’t use the gradient tool directly. It was just a red heart. How can I add a gradient?

Whether you are drawing a path or a shape

After drawing, press CTRL+Enter and a selection will appear

then press CTRL+SHITF+N (New Image Layer)

Finally ATL+DELETE {Fill foreground color}

Press the "X" key on the keyboard to switch the green background color to the foreground color

12. When deselecting pictures in PS, it appears that no pixel is larger than 50% of the selection, and the edge of the selection is not visible. Why?

That is to say, your selection is not visible but actually still exists. You can continue the operation. This time you can press backspace to observe the effect of removing the selection. Most likely, your selection is too small or the feathering value is too small. Too big

13. In Photoshop 7.0, how to convert the text layer into a normal layer? ?

Click on the top menu bar, Layer, Rasterize text to rasterize. It becomes a normal layer.

14. What do the three parameters of Photoshop color level adjustment represent?

This problem is actually very complicated. To put it simply, the first and third parameters of the input color scale have the same meaning. The first parameter represents a grayscale (brightness). It is the grayscale of that color when R, G, and B are all equal to this number, and its meaning is to define the part of the image that reaches this grayscale (this brightness, not the gray itself) as the blackest For example, input 40, which means to change the gray part of the image with the same brightness and RGB value of 40 to the darkest part of the image. So the larger the value, the darker the image becomes.

The third parameter is the same, except that it defines the brightness part of the image as the brightest part (white).

The parameter in the middle is calculated through a very complex function, and its value is related to the grayscale of the image and the number of pixels on the same grayscale, (that is, the waveform on the histogram)

ctrl+F is to repeatedly execute the filter

15. How to select the area where two layers intersect with Photoshop?

First hold down CRTL and click on one of the images. Layer. Load this layer as a selection.

Hold down CRTL+ALT+SHIFT and click on another layer to load the intersecting area.

16. What does PS reset channel color palette mean?

1. Click the triangle mark in the circle in the upper right corner of the color control panel to see if the "Grayscale Slider" is checked. If so, please click another Select "RGB Slider"
2. Check the "Image" | "Mode" menu to see if the image file is in "Grayscale" or "Index" mode. If so, please execute "RGB Mode" and save the file. Change to RGB mode

17. How to create a snapshot source in photoshop?

I haven’t heard of the snapshot source

Only the source of the history brush of the current snapshot

F9 Enter the history palette

Click "Create New Snapshot" below and select

Then use the history record Use the brush to draw the state above the "source"

That's what it means

Remember that the snapshot you opened at the beginning is the same!

18, PS What is the use of retaining transparent areas?

It means that when you operate on a layer, the transparent part is locked, and you can only operate on the non-transparent part.

19. How many methods are there to convert a grayscale image?

Channel Mixer

Image--Mode--Grayscale.

20. After creating a new channel in PHOTOSHOP, is the background color of the channel black? Why is mine white?

Check if your color mode is cmyk

Just convert it to RGB color mode, click Image/Mode/RGB Mode

21. How to get 50% grayscale?

1. Set the CYMK mode in color. The settings are as follows:

C: 0

M: 0

Y: 0

K: 50%

2. Open the swatch panel. There are many colors in it. If you point up with the mouse, the first row and the last one are 50% gray. . If the version is different, just look for it yourself.

3. R=147

G=149

B=152

4. In the color picker, the RGB corresponding to 50% grayscale The values ​​are 128 respectively; HSB is 0, 0, 50; LAB is 54, 0, 0; CMYK is 52, 43, 43, 8; the way to quickly determine the 50% grayscale is to edit the HSB item, in the H and S items Enter 0 in item B and enter 50 in item B; it is also quick to confirm in RGB, just press the TAB key to switch to enter 128.

5. The color sample panel directly has gray from 10% to 90%

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1. Common problems and solutions during printing

1. The image is blurred and the blank area is not clean. To solve this problem, the glass of the plate maker must first be kept clean. Wipe it clean with alcohol, both front and back. If the transparency of the glass is not enough, the amount of light penetration will be affected, and the printed version will be blurry. If the film plate and the glass plate are not tightly attached, it will also cause filtering.
Sometimes when a film base has been used for a long time, there will be a lot of residual glue left by the tape, which will affect the transparency and make the film and the film base less closely attached. Therefore, the film base will be used for a long time. Need to be replaced. During imposition, if two images overlap, the images will also be unreliable. If the rubber cloth is used for a long time, it will age and there will be a small amount of air leakage at some edges. The PS version and the film will not be tightly attached, and the pictures and texts will appear weak. If the machine is used for a long time, check whether the vacuum of the air pump is sufficient.
If the lamp is used for too long, the cutting rate will decrease and the exposure will be insufficient. When inhaling, if you cannot gradually move from the center to the surroundings, there will be local bubbles and the PS version will be partially blurred. This is to check the bottom pad.
　2. The PS version outlets are inaccurate. To solve this problem, check it on film. The dots on the film used for printing must have sufficient blackness, and the dot structure on the printing film must be transferred to the printing plate. The covered parts (dots) must not be allowed to pass through the light, causing the photosensitive layer of the printing plate to be sensitive. Otherwise, the dots on the printing plate will not be solid and the dots will fall off during printing.
The dots are faint. We know that for absolutely clear dots, the transition from the light-transmitting plane to the very dark cover is very steep, which is caused by a sudden change. The edge of the dots actually rises vertically. On the contrary, the black dots gradually increase from the edges. So the dots produce an edge with a greater or lesser slope.
The faint dots on the printing plate cause color deviation due to their unstable performance, and it is often seen that "small dots are lost" on the printing plate. To solve this problem, the film must be strictly inspected before printing, and the dots must have sufficient blackness and clear edges.
　3. Cannot reflect the subtle parts of the work. Like a strand of hair, it appears on the photo but becomes blurry on the printing plate. This is mainly due to insufficient exposure or excessive concentration of the solution during plate development, which washes away the finer parts.
　
2. Problems that often occur in plate development

After printing the plate, it is necessary to develop the plate. If the temperature of the developer in the plate processor is too low and the rinse speed of the plate processor is too fast, the development time will be shortened, the development will inevitably be insufficient, and the printing plate will not be washed clean. If the concentration of the developer is not enough and the time for replenishing the developer is adjusted too long, the printing plate will not be fully developed.
The way to troubleshoot the above faults is to check the temperature and development time of the developer and adjust them to reasonable data. When using the developer, the manufacturer will provide the proportions of the formula, and you must follow the proportions. But sometimes it can be thicker.
The plate processor should be inspected in time, the rubber roller should be replaced, and the crystals in the tank and on the tube wall should be cleaned regularly. The specific method is: use oxalic acid to circulate water in the plate processor to effectively remove dirt. At the same time, the brush roller on the machine must also be cleaned and replaced if necessary.
In addition, during the cleaning process, if the operation is not careful, the amount of cleaning liquid is insufficient, the liquid is used for a short time, the cleaning liquid is invalid, and the cleaning liquid dries up on the plate after use, it may cause the printing plate to become dirty.
In the gluing process, low-concentration glue is used, and oxidation of non-image and text parts will cause the printing plate to become dirty. The solution to this type of problem is: cover the plate tightly after using the dirt removal liquid; wash the plate thoroughly with water after removing dirt; increase the glue concentration when gluing and make the glue even; after gluing, the printing plate should be completely dry. Print again later.
　
3. Problems that often occur in baking plates

The film-forming agent of the photosensitive layer of the positive PS plate is made of cresol and formaldehyde resin, which changes from linear to body structure after baking. , enhances the abrasion resistance of the graphics and text parts, so the baking plate can improve the printing durability. However, in actual work, some problems often occur when baking plates.
When printing, the printing plate does not faithfully reflect the tone level of the original version, which leads to distortion. Glue lines are often caused by improper application of protective agent. The glue lines left due to excessive concentration of protective agent or uneven wiping harden and solidify on the printing plate after baking and are difficult to dissolve in the developer, causing inconsistency. Blotting ink. In this case, you can use an alkaline developer slightly stronger than the normal developer to develop it again.
During the baking process, the high temperature causes the PS plate to deform and bend. Scratches often appear when the plate is being delivered and are stained during printing. Slight scratches can be removed with a stain remover if the graphics and text dots are not damaged.
After baking, it will turn light red. This light red color is caused by a small amount of photosensitive layer in the blank part of the layout, which is baked. If it is treated with developer, it will not stain. If the light red color is still left on the plate after treatment, it will definitely stain. This situation can be treated with stain remover.
After baking, it turns dark brown or dark brown. Under normal circumstances, the photosensitive layer is reddish brown after baking. If the color is dark brown or dark brown, it means the baking plate temperature is too high or the finishing time is too long. This kind of plate is over-baked. If the photosensitive layer resin is carbonized to varying degrees, it will become dark and brittle. As a result, the printing durability of the PS plate will be reduced.
After baking, it turns dark green. This kind of plate color indicates that the baking temperature is low or the baking time is short, the photosensitive resin is not fully polymerized, and its wear resistance, corrosion resistance, solubility resistance and ink affinity have not been maximized. At this time, the second baking can be carried out. version to achieve the best results.
It is a common fault that the PS version becomes dirty after baking. There are several reasons for this.
The dust, impurities, and scratches on the surface of the plate were not thoroughly cleaned in time before baking. These dirt will be firmly adsorbed on the plate after baking, causing the printing plate to become dirty; insufficient exposure or incomplete development will cause insufficient decomposition of the photosensitive resin in the non-image and text parts, which will absorb ink and become dirty during printing; wipe protective agent Don't get dirty. PS plate baking protective agent is easy to precipitate. After being placed, the solute will precipitate to the bottom of the bottle, and the protective liquid poured out from the top is thin. Using this protective agent to wipe the plate will cause the plate protection to be too thin or have glue leakage, which may cause PS plate Dirty. Therefore, it must be shaken evenly before use, poured out and used, and the protective agent must be wiped evenly and smoothly; the printing machine is stopped midway and the glue is not wiped in time, and the water roller is not released first after starting the machine, and the ink roller is dropped first, causing a large number of Mo Daozi. If this kind of ink is washed with gasoline, the surface will be clean, but it will become dirty as soon as the machine is turned on. In this case, you can use a clean cloth and some pine oil to slowly scrub it until all the ink is dissolved, and then wash it off in time with clean water. It is restored to its original state with no trace of dirt; the protective agent has poor performance and the baking plate becomes dirty. P.S. The performance of the protective agent used for baking the plate directly affects the quality of the baking plate. Many manufacturers prepare it themselves. Pay attention to whether the formula is appropriate, whether the performance of the drugs used is standard, and whether the preparation method is appropriate. No matter which bad book is faulty, it will cause performance problems of the protective agent, causing the protective agent to fail to protect. Especially when certain drugs are unavailable and substituted with uncommon drugs, special attention should be paid to whether the quality of the protective agent is reliable. In order to prevent the loss of the plate, you can try it out first to ensure that it does not get dirty. Once there are no problems, you can put it into normal production.
In order to obtain better printing quality, while belonging to the above problems, special attention should be paid to the control of the PH value of the fountain solution during the printing process, and the balance of ink and water should be mastered.
　
4. Problems that are prone to occur during the printing process of the PS version

The task of the PS version is to transfer the graphic and text parts to the blanket as accurately as possible. The graphic part is hydrophilic, and the non-graphic part is ink-friendly. But in fact it is not so ideal, and there will be various problems related to the PS version. Some are cited below and discussed.
　1. The non-graphic and text parts of the layout are stained, that is, the non-graphic and text parts are sensitive to ink. The reasons are as follows.
A. The chemical composition of the fountain solution is improperly configured, which erodes the hydrophilic layer of the blank part. The solution is to replace the dampening fluid with one that is correctly formulated according to the manufacturer's instructions. B. The roller cover of the water roller is too dirty or worn, damaging the blank surface. Treatment method: Clean or replace the plate water roller cover. Wet cleaning can protect the printing plate. C. Excessive ink application during halftone printing causes ink expansion, which will eventually sensitize non-image and text areas. Treatment method: Use a thinner ink film with more pigments for printing. D. There are grains of sandpaper remaining on the rubber sheet, which has worn the printing plate. Ball replenishing measures: Clean the rubber cloth and replace it with paper; add anti-accumulation agent to the fountain solution; adjust the amount of water to the minimum, and add more concentrate, gum arabic and/or alcohol or alcohol replacement as needed It can keep the non-image and text parts of the printing plate clean while reducing the amount of water; in B-B printing presses, it can reduce the pressure between the plate and the blanket. If there is an impression roller, the pressure between the impression roller and the paper should be checked; if the accumulation mainly occurs in the first printing unit, the amount of water should be increased to help remove debris on the paper. E. Aluminum base plate oxidation. Oxidation stains look like numerous clear dots or donut-shaped spots. It often occurs in areas that have been in contact with wet water rollers for a long time. Oxidation may occur if the printing plate dries too slowly or is stored in a humid place before development or between printing runs. If the printing press interrupts printing before the printing plate is dry, the printing plate will also oxidize. Action: Follow recommended plate handling procedures. Plates should be stored in a dry location. During the plate making process, cheesecloth should be used to allow the plate to dry quickly. If the machine is stopped during the printing process, the plate roller should be removed and the machine should be run empty until the printing plate is dry. F． Incorrect operation of the water roller and/or ink roller in the ink system may cause circumferential or axial dirty lines in printing. Measures: Check the pressure, cleanliness, geometric accuracy and overall condition of each roller in the ink system. G. The printing plate is pre-exposed (grayed) during the prepress stage. Measures: Store printing plates in light-proof boxes; install appropriate safety lighting at the plate making location. H. The ink is too soft or too oily. At this time, contact the ink manufacturer. I. Too much fountain solution causes the imprint to look like snowflakes; the black solid surface appears gray, and the colored solid surface becomes darker; under magnification, the solid surface will be found to be uneven and full of tiny white spots. Excessive fountain solution emulsifies in the ink. When the ink film breaks apart, water droplets are exposed. These water droplets hinder the transfer of ink to the paper. At this time, the water supply should be reduced.
　2. The graphics and text on the PS version are partially worn. There are two reasons: one is that there is too much resin in the fountain solution; the other is that there is too much acid in the fountain solution. The solution is to readjust the fountain solution and check the pH value.
　3. There are white fibers on the printing plate. This is mainly caused by too much paper wool or the fabric of the water roller coming off. The processing method is to clear the printing plate.
　4. The graphic and text parts of the plate cannot be properly inked. There are two reasons: one is that there is cured resin or retouching liquid in the image and text area of ​​the printing plate, so it is only hydrophilic but not ink-friendly; the other is that there are too short or too short ink filaments accumulated on the rubber roller, printing plate and rubber cloth. Ink soaked in water. The treatment method is to wipe the layout with a damp cloth, reduce the amount of water applied, and keep the minimum amount of water required to clean the non-graphic and text parts.
　5. Picture and text loss. The reason is that the pressure between the blanket cylinder and the plate cylinder is too heavy. The solution is to check the printing pressure.
　6. The water and ink on the baked printing plate are too slow. The reason is that the thermosetting adhesive layer is too thick. The treatment method is to clean with phosphoric acid solution or clean with plate cleaner.
　7. There are scratches on the printing plate. The reason is that there are small sand grains on the outer layer of the paper roll before it is put on the machine, or there are small sand grains embedded on the surface of the ink roller. The treatment method is to divide the paper roll on the machine and remove two or three layers of paper, and clean the rubber roller.
8. The plate is cracked. The PS version may have cracks along the bending line at the front or end of the page. There are two reasons: One possibility is that the installation size of the printing plate is incorrect. Not evenly attached to the drum body. This may be caused by carelessness when bending the plate, the plate material moves on the bending machine, or the bending machine is severely worn; the other is that the plate seam of the printing plate cylinder is not clean, and there is residual ink, causing the printing plate not to be installed as it should be. The front or end of the page is severely stressed.
(Author's unit: Oxidation is prone to occur if stored in a humid place during previous or two printing productions. If the printing press interrupts printing before the printing plate is dry, oxidation of the printing plate will also occur. Measures: Follow the recommended printing instructions. Plate handling procedures. The printing plate should be stored in a dry place. During the plate making process, cheese cloth should be used to quickly dry the printing plate. If the printing process is stopped, the plate support roller should be removed and the plate should be run empty until the printing plate is dry. . F. Incorrect operation of the water roller and/or ink roller in the ink system may cause circumferential or axial stains in printing. Measures: Check the pressure, cleanliness, geometric accuracy and overall condition of each roller in the ink system. . G. The printing plate is pre-exposed (grayed) during the pre-pressing stage. Measures: Store the printing plate in a light-proof box; install appropriate safety lighting equipment at the plate-making location. H. At this time, you should contact the ink manufacturer. I. Too much fountain solution will cause the imprint to appear flake-like; the black field will appear gray, and the color field will become darker; under magnification, you will find that the field is uneven and full of tiny white spots. . Excessive fountain solution is emulsified in the ink. When the ink film is split, the water droplets hinder the transfer of ink to the paper.
　2. The reason for the wear of the PS plate. There are two types: one is that there is too much resin in the fountain solution; the other is that there is too much acid in the fountain solution. The solution is to readjust the fountain solution and check the PH value. 3. There is white color on the printing plate. Fibrous. This is mainly caused by too much paper wool or the fabric of the printing plate falling off. There is cured resin or retouching liquid in the graphic area of ​​the printing plate, so it is only hydrophilic but not ink-resistant; second, there is ink with too short ink filaments or water-soaked ink accumulated on the rubber roller, printing plate and rubber cloth. The best method is to wipe the layout with a damp cloth, reduce the amount of water applied, and keep the minimum amount of water required to clean the non-image and text parts.
　5. The reason for the loss of images and text is that the pressure on the tape roller and the plate cylinder is too heavy. Check the printing pressure.
　6. The reason is that the thermal adhesive layer is too thick after baking. The solution is to clean it with phosphoric acid solution or plate cleaner.
　7. There are scratches on the printing plate. The reason is that there are small grains of sand on the outer layer of the paper roll before it is put on the machine, or there are small grains of sand embedded on the surface of the ink roller. The solution is to remove two or three layers of paper from the paper roll and clean the glue. Roller.
8. The PS plate may crack along the bending line. There are two reasons: One possibility is that the printing plate is not evenly attached to the cylinder. This may be due to carelessness when bending the plate, the plate has moved on the bending machine, or the bending machine is severely worn; the other is that the plate seam of the printing plate cylinder is not clean, and there is residual ink, causing the printing plate not to be installed. To the effect, the front or end of the page is severely stressed

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