A quick test of Oracle's ORACLE 11GR2 RAC installation and configuration - prerequisite configuration stage_PHP tutorial

Try Oracle's ORACLE 11GR2 RAC installation and configuration - prerequisite configuration phase

Installing Oracle 11GR2 11.2.0.4 RAC cluster based on Linux RedHat 6.4 in VMwarevCenter Server

1. Network planning

Public and private should be divided into different network segments. Ensure secure transmission

[root@Zracnode1~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

10.2.13.80 zracnode1

10.2.13.81 zracnode2

10.2.13.82 zracnode1-vip

10.2.13.83 zracnode2-vip

10.2.12.140 zracnode1-priv

10.2.12.141 zracnode2-priv

10.2.13.142 zrac-scan

10.2.13.143 zrac-scan

10.2.13.144 zrac-scan

2. Operating system settings

*. The installed operating system is LinuxRedhat 6.4

*.Disk partition configuration

磁盘目录 磁盘大小 / 30GB swap 16GB /u01 100GB Disk directory	Disk size
/	30GB
swap 选项 描述 无 其他虚拟机不能共享虚拟磁盘。 虚拟 同一台服务器上的虚拟机可以共享虚拟磁盘。 物理 任何服务器上的虚拟机均可共享虚拟磁盘。	16GB
/u01	100GB

3. Shared disk settings There are many ways to configure shared disks, such as nfs and direct mapping of disk arrays. What I use here is the shared disk technology on vmware vCenter server. The operation steps are as follows: 3.1. The SCSI controller needs to be configured. Configure the bus in [physical] mode. The parameters are explained as follows:

options	Description
None	Other virtual machines cannot share the virtual disk.
Virtual	Same station Virtual machines on the server can share virtual disks.
Physics	Any server All virtual machines on the virtual machine can share the virtual disk.

3.2 Create a new SCSI controller 1 controller and set the relevant parameters. The VmwarevCenter operation page is as follows:

3.3 Create a new hard disk, the hard disk type is [Thick provision eager zeroed]. And set the virtual Device Node to [SCSI(1:0)]. Set the disk mode to [Independent-Persistent]. The operation page is as follows:

3.4 Add an existing disk. On the ZRAC02 node, add the disk. The operation page is as follows:

4. Install RAC

4.1 Prerequisites

4.1.1 yum configuration

Mount image configuration yum

mount -oloop -t iso9660 /u01/software/rhel-server-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso /u01/iso

[root@Zracnode1u01]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo

[Server]

name=Server

baseurl =file:///u01/iso

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///u01/iso/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

4.1.2 vnc configuration

VNC installation on Linux

#yuminstall tigervnc-server

#vncserver #The The command starts a VNC process on the server side. Allow one

VNC View to connect in; if you need multiple Views to connect to the server, you need to execute the above command multiple times;

Password: # In order not to allow anyone to remotely control this computer. Therefore, when you start the VNC server for the first time, you will be asked to set the password for network remote control.

Verify: # Verify the password;

Enter the .vnc hidden directory under the root home directory, find the xstartup file and edit it:

# cd/root/.vnc

# vi xstartup

# twm& (comment out the line)

startkde& (add the line)

# killallXvnc

#vncserver

4.2 Configure /etc/hosts file (all nodes)

[root@rac01network-scripts]# vi /etc/hosts

<.> 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localDomain localhost4Localhost4.localDomain4

:: 1 localhost localhost.localhost6. LOCALDOMAIN6

10.2.13.80 zracnode1

10.2.13.81 ZRACNode2

10.2.13.82 Zracnode1-vip

10.2.13.83 Zracnode2-vip

10.2.13.140 Zracnode1-priv

10.2.13.141 Zracnode2-priv

10.2.13.142 Zrac-scan

4.3 Add combined user (all nodes)

groupadd -g500 oinstall

groupadd -g501 dba

groupadd -g502 oper

groupadd -g503 asmadmin

groupadd -g504 asmoper

groupadd -g505 asmdba

useradd -goinstall - G dba,asmdba,oper oracle

useradd -goinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid

Detect user oracle and grid

[root@rac1~]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle)gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper) ,505(asmdba)

[root@rac1~]# id grid

uid=501(grid)gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba), 502(oper),503(asmadmin),504(asmoper),505(asmdba)

Set passwords for users oracle and grid

[root@rac1~]# passwd oracle

[root@rac1~]# passwd grid

4.4. Create directory (all nodes)

mkdir/u01/app

chown -Rgrid:oinstall /u01/app/

chmod -R 775/u01/app/

mkdir - p/u01/app/oraInventory

chown -Rgrid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/

chmod -R 775/u01/app/oraInventory/

mkdir - p/u01/app/grid

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle

chown -Rgrid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/

chown -Roracle: oinstall /u01/app/oracle/

chmod -R 775/u01/app/grid/

chmod -R 775/u01/app/oracle/

4.5. Modify kernel parameters (all nodes)

[root@rac01~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# for oracle11g

fs.aio -max-nr= 1048576

fs.file-max =6815744

kernel.shmall= 2147483648

kernel.shmmax= 68719476736

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem =250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default= 262144

net .core.rmem_max= 4194304

net.core.wmem_default= 262144

net.core.wmem_max= 1048586

Make the modified parameters take effect immediately:

[root@rac01~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

[root@rac01~]# /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

[root@rac01~]# /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam_limits.so

[root@rac01 ~]#/etc/profile

if [ $USER ="oracle" ] || [ $ USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022

fi

4.6. Disable firewall and SELINUX (all nodes)

serviceiptables stop

chkconfigiptables off

chkconfigiptables --list

setenforce 0

sed -i's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

4.7 . Check installation package

rpm -q --qf'%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})n' binutils

compat-libstdc -33

elfutils-libelf

elfutils-libelf-devel

gcc

gcc-c

glibc

glibc-common

glibc-devel

glibc-headers

ksh

libaio

libaio-devel

libgcc

libstdc

libstdc -devel

make

sysstat

unixODBC

4.8 .Configuration User environment variables (grid and oracle users_all nodes)

grid user:

[grid@rac01 ~]# vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID= ASM1/ ASM2

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/11.2

export PATH=$PATH:$ ORACLE_HOME/bin

oracle user:

[oracle@rac01 ~]# vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=racdb1/racdb2

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=$ORACLE_SID

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.2/db_1

export PATH=$PATH:$ ORACLE_HOME/bin

4.9. ASM disk group planning & partitioning

4.9.1 Use fdisk to divide the disk as follows:

[root@rac01 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The partitioning effect is as follows:

--------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258 83 Linux //CRS1 900M

/dev /sdb2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux //CRS2 900M

/dev/sdb3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux //CRS3 900M

/dev/sdb4 397 13054 101675385 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 397 3008 20980858 83 Linux //DATA1 30GB

/dev/sdb6 3009 5620 20980858 83 Linux //DATA2 30GB

/dev/sdb7 5621 8232 20980 858 83 Linux // DATA3 30GB

/dev/sdb8 8233 9538 10490413 83 Linux //REC1 30GB

/dev/sdb9 9539 13054 28242238 83 Linux //REC2 30GB

4.9.2 Install asm

[root@rac02software]# rpm -ivh kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning:kmod-oracleasm -2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, keyID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing... ############## ############################ [100%]

1:kmod-oracleasm ###### #################################### [100%]

[root@ rac02 software]# rpm -ivhoracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning: oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm:Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY

Preparing... ################################ ########## [100%]

1:oracleasm-support ######################### ################## [100%]

[root@rac02 software]# rpm -ivhoracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

warning:oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key IDec551f03: NOKEY

Preparing... ####### #################################### [100%]

1:oracleasmlib # ########################################[100%]

4.9.3 Configure asm

RAC01 to perform the following operations:

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmconfigure

[root@rac1 ~ ]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmconfigure

Default user to own the driver interface[]: grid

Default group to own the driver interface[]: asmadmin

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot(y/n) [n]: y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n)[y]: y

Writing Oracle ASM library driverconfiguration: done

Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]

Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks: [ OK ]

RAC02 performs the following operations:

[root@rac02 software]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmconfigure

Default user to own the driver interface[]: grid

Default group to own the driver interface[]: asmadmin

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot(y/n) [n]: y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot ( y/n)[y]: y

Writing Oracle ASM library driverconfiguration: done

Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]

Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks: [ OK ]

The following operations are performed on one of the nodes in rac, and I operate on rac1

[root@rac1 ~]# / etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk CRS1 /dev/sdb1

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk CRS2 /dev/sdb2

[root@rac1 ~] # /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk CRS3 /dev/sdb3

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk DATA1 /dev/sdb5

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk DATA2 /dev/sdb6

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk DATA3 /dev/sdb7

[root @rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk REC1 /dev/sdb8

[root@rac1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatedisk REC2 /dev/sdb9

The following operations are performed on another node, on RAC2

[root@rac02 software]# oracleasm scandisks

Reloading disk partitions: done

Cleaning any stale ASM disks...

Scanning system for ASM disks...

[root@Zracnode2 software]# oracleasmlistdisks

CRS1

CRS2

CRS3

DATA1

DATA2

DATA3

REC1

REC2

4.10. Grid and oracle users configure SSH mutual trust

Create connections for ssh and scp

ls -l /usr/local/bin/ssh

ls - l /usr/local/bin/scp

Create if it does not exist

[root@rac01 ~]# /bin/ln -s /usr/bin/ssh/usr/local/bin /ssh

[root@rac01 ~]# /bin/ln -s /usr/bin/scp/usr/local/bin/scp

is the grid user Configure SSH:

On each node:

[root@rac01 ~]# su – grid

[grid@rac01 ~]# mkdir ~/.ssh

[grid@rac01 ~]#cd .ssh

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa

On node 1:

[grid@rac01 ~]# touch authorized_keys

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 cat/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 cat/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 cat /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>> authorized_keys

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 cat/home/grid /.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[grid@rac01 ~]# scp authorized_keysrac02:/home/grid/.ssh/

On each node:

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 date

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 date

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh-agent $SHELL

[grid@rac01 ~]# ssh-add

Configure SSH for oracle user :

On each node:

[root@rac01 ~]# su – oracle

[oracle@rac01 ~]# mkdir ~/.ssh

[oracle@rac01 ~]#cd .ssh

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh-keygen -t dsa

on node 1:

[oracle@rac01 ~]# touch authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 cat / home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>> authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>> authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>> authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/ id_dsa.pub>> authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]# scp authorized_keysrac02:/home/oracle/.ssh/

on each node respectively:

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac01 date

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh rac02 date

[oracle@rac01 ~] # ssh-agent $SHELL

[oracle@rac01 ~]# ssh-add

4.11. Configure NTP

[root@rac01 ~] #vi /etc/ntp.conf

...

#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org

#server 1.centos.pool.ntp. org

#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org

server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

#server127.127.1.0 # local clock

#fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10

[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

# Drop root to id 'ntp:ntp' by default.

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"

# Set to 'yes' to sync hw clock aftersuccessful ntpdate

SYNC_HWCLOCK=yes

# Additional options for ntpdate

NTPDATE_OPTIONS=""

Start

[root@rac01 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on

[root@rac01 ~]# service ntpd start

[root@rac01 ~]# ntpdate -d -u xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Enable name service cache daemon

[root@rac01 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 nscdon

[root@rac01 ~]# service nscd restart

-----------The next two stages are GI installation and oracle installation. To be continued! ~