Minor [PHP Framework] 3. Routing, controller, view, minor framework_PHP tutorial

Minor【PHP Framework】3. Routing, controller, view, minor framework

3.1 Routing

Pretty URLs are an absolute must for a serious web application. This way ugly URLs like index.php?article_id=57 are hidden and replaced by more popular URLs like /read/intro-to -symfony instead.

　3.1.1 Routing configuration

The configuration file is app/Config/routes.php

<?<span>php
</span><span>return</span><span> [
　　</span>'/demo/{productName}'            =><span>  [
        </span>'name'                =>    'test1',
        'controller'        =>    'App\Modules\Demo\Controller\FooController',
        'action'            =>    'bar',
        'required'          =>  ['productName' => '\w+'],<span>
    ]</span>,<span>
];</span>

Take the above code as an example to describe in detail how to configure an elegant (laravel disease...) routing

　'/demo/{productName}' is the matching rule of routing. The required in the configuration specifies the regular conditions that productName must meet. During the actual operation of the framework, the routing rule required will be parsed into a regular expression/ demo/(w), when the url (eg: xxx.xxx.xxx/demo/testproduct) matches this regular rule, the action of the controller in the configuration will be executed. The specific execution is: FooController->bar($productName );

You can see that the content of the curly brackets (productName) in the routing rules is the parameter of the bar method. Therefore, when matching routes, be sure to note that the routing rules must be consistent with the number of parameters of the specific controller method, otherwise a ControllerException will be thrown.

　3.1.2 Default routing configuration

If we have to configure a route every time we define a Controller, it will lead to low development efficiency. In order to prevent this problem from happening, Minor provides a default routing mechanism. When we visit http://xxx.xxx.xxx/demo/foo/bar, the bar method of AppModulesDemoFooController will be executed, that is, the default route is:

　http://xxx.xxx.xxx/{module name}/{controller name}/{method name}

　3.1.3 Disadvantages

As you can see, Minor’s routing is not powerful. Request method restrictions, HTTPS restrictions, and filters are not supported.

3.2 Controller

　3.2.1 Create your own controller

The definition of Controller is very simple. Just inherit the MinorControllerController base class (of course you don’t have to inherit it, but the methods and properties in the base class cannot be used, which is easy to understand). First create the folder app/ Modules/Demo/Controller/, and then create the file FooController.php:

<?<span>php
namespace App\Modules\Demo\Controller;

</span><span>use</span><span> Minor\Controller\Controller;
</span><span>//</span><span> 定义一个控制器</span>
<span>class</span> FooController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>//</span><span> 定义一个方法   </span>
    <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> bar()
    {
        </span><span>return</span> 'Hello World'<span>;
    }
}</span>

By accessing xxx.xxx.xxx/demo/foo/bar (default route, you can also configure your own route), you can see that Hello World is returned.

　3.2.2 Url generation

Calling Url’s gen method can convert the default path to a URL that conforms to routing rules

<span>$url</span> = Url:gen(<span>$path</span>);

If Url::gen('/demo/foo/bar?productName=test') is configured according to the routing in 3.1.1, /demo/test will be returned.

　3.2.3 Page jump redirect, redirect forward

Minor provides three jump methods: redirect, forward, and forwardUrl (these three are protected methods of MinorControllerController).

When jumping to another url, you can call it like this in the controller: $this->redirect($url);

When redirecting to another url, you can call it like this in the controller: $this->forwardUrl($url); (The implementation of this method is actually to parse out the controller and method of the url request through routing. Then call forward($controller, $action, $param))

When forwarding to another method, you can call it like this in the controller: $this->forward($controller, $action, $params); (The parameter $controller is the class name of the controller, including namespace)

Example:

<span>class</span> FooController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> bar()
    {
        </span><span>$this</span>->redirect('www.baidu.com'<span>);
        </span><span>return</span> <span>$this</span>->forward('App\Modules\Demo\Controller\FooController', 'bar', 'test'<span>);
        </span><span>return</span> <span>$this</span>->forward('/demo/testpro'<span>);
    }
}    </span>

　3.2.4 Get request parameters

Call the get($paramName, $defaultParamValue = null) or post($paramName, $defaultParamValue = null) method of MinorRequest to get the request method. You can call it like this in the controller:

<span>class</span> FooController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> bar()
    {
       $minorRequest = <span>$this->app->getMinorRequest()</span>; </span><br />　　　　$paramValue = <span>$minorRequest</span>->get('paramKey', 'defaultValue'<span>);<br />　　　　...
    }
}   </span>

　3.2.5 Get request method

Call the getMethod() method of MinorRequest to get the requested method:

<span>class</span> FooController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> bar()
    {
       </span><span>$minorRequest</span> = <span>$this</span>->app-><span>getMinorRequest(); 
　　　　</span><span>$method</span> = <span>$minorRequest</span>-><span>getMethod();
　　　　</span>...<span>
    }
}  </span>

3.3 View

Minor provides an extremely powerful template engine. The name of this template engine is: PHP. Yes! You read that right, PHP. Why doesn't Minor provide a template engine like smarty or Twig? Because there is no need, PHP itself is good enough. If Minor builds a template engine, it will undoubtedly make it more difficult to use Minor, so Minor directly uses PHP as the language for view files.

　3.3.1 Using views in controllers

To use a view in a controller, you only need to call View::render('module name:controller name:view file name', ['param1key' => 'param1value', 'param2key' => 'param2value' ...]); Example:

<span>class</span> FooController <span>extends</span><span> Controller
{
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> bar()
    {
        </span><span>$param1</span> = 'Hello'<span>;
        </span><span>$param2</span> = 'World'<span>; 
        </span><span>return</span> View::render('Demo:Foo:bar.php', ['param1' => <span>$param1</span>, 'param2' => <span>$param2</span><span>]);
    }
}  </span>

　　render函数的第二个参数（['param1key' => 'param1value', 'param2key' => 'param2value' ...]）就是向视图文件中传递的变量，我们可以在视图文件中使用这些变量：

文件：app/Modules/Demo/Controller/Tpl/Foo/bar.php<br /><?php echo $param1key;?><br /><?=$param2key ?>

　　3.3.2 视图内置函数

　　Minor提供了两个视图文件中可以使用的函数：

<span>function</span> include_tpl(<span>$module</span>, <span>$controller</span>, <span>$tpl</span><span>)
{
    </span><span>require_once</span> (!<span>defined</span>('APP_DIR') ? APP_DIR : <span>realpath</span>(__DIR__ . '/../../app/') .DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . 'Modules' . '/' . <span>$module</span> . '/Tpl/' . <span>$controller</span> . '/' . <span>$tpl</span><span>;
}

</span><span>function</span> url(<span>$path</span><span>)
{
    </span><span>return</span> Url::gen(<span>$path</span><span>);
}</span>

　　使用：

<span>html>   
    </span><span><?</span><span>php include_tpl('Public', 'Public', 'header.php');</span><span>?></span> 
    <span><</span><span>body</span><span>></span>
        <span><</span><span>h1</span><span>></span>Hello!<span></</span><span>h1</span><span>></span>
        <span><</span><span>a </span><span>href</span><span>="<?php url('/demo/foo/bar?productName=testpro');?>"</span><span>></span>
    <span></</span><span>body</span><span>></span>
<span></</span><span>html</span><span>></span>

　　这两个函数定义在app/Resource/functions.php文件中，你可以在这个文件中自定义你需要的视图函数。

3.4 响应

　　可以在控制器中通过调用App对象的getMinorResponse()方法来获取当前MinorResponse对象。　MinorResponse类提供了六个方法分别是：

<span>public function send()； // 用于将响应对象发送给客户端

public function setHeader($header)；// 设置响应头

public function setContent($content); // 设置响应对象的内容

public function beforeContent($content); // 在当前已有的内容之前添加内容

public function appendContent($content); // 在当前已有内容之后追加内容

public function getContent()； // 获取对象中的响应内容</span>