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PHP数组实例详解,php数组详解_PHP教程

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Release: 2016-07-12 08:49:22
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PHP数组实例详解,php数组详解

作为一名C++程序员,在转做PHP开发的过程中,对PHP数组产生了一些混淆,与C++数组有相似的地方,也有一些不同,下面就全面地分析一下PHP的数组及其与C++中相应数据类型的区别和联系。

数组的分类:

1、数值数组:也叫索引数组,即以数字(从0 开始)作为数组下标。相当于C++中的vector。

2、关联数组:以字符串作为数组下标。相当于C++中的map。

3、多维数组:数组中每个元素也是一个数组。其子数组中的每个元素也可以是数组。

数组的声明:

1、数值数组

a、如下例子中,会自动分配数字ID键。

$names = array("Peter","Joe","Lily");
b、如下例子中,我们人工分配数字ID键。

$names[0] = "Peter";
$names[1] = "Joe";
$names[2] = "Lily";

可以在脚本中使用这些ID键:

<&#63;php 
$names[0] = "Peter"; 
$names[1] = "Joe"; 
$names[2] = "Lily"; 
echo $names[0]." and ".$names[1]." are ".$names[2]."'s neighbors"; 
/* 何问起 hovertree.com */
&#63;> 
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2、关联数组:

例子1

$ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Joe"=>30, "Lily"=>28);

例子2

本例与例子1相同,只是另一种创建数组的方法。

$ages["Peter"] = "32"; 
$ages["Joe"] = "30"; 
$ages["Lily"] = "28"; 
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在脚本中使用关联数组:

<?php 
$ages["Peter"] = "32"; 
$ages["Joe"] = "30"; 
$ages["Lily"] = "28"; 
echo "Peter is ".$ages["Peter"]." years old."; 
/* 何问起 hovertree.com */
?> 
Copy after login

以上脚本输出:

Peter is 32 years old.

3、多维数组:

在本例中,我们创建了一个带有自动分配数字ID键的多维数组:

$families = array 
{ 
"Griffin"=>array 
{ 
"Peter", 
"Lois", 
"Megan" 
}, 
"Quagmire"=>array 
{ 
"Glenn" 
}, 
"Brown"=>array 
{ 
"Cleveland", 
"Loretta", 
"Junior" 
} 
}; 
echo "Is " . $families['Griffin'][2] . " a part of the Griffin family&#63;"; 
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以上代码输出:

Is Megan a part of the Griffin family?

1、for循环遍历

for循环只能遍历索引数组。

<&#63;php 
$names = array("Peter","Joe","Lily"); 
for($id=0;$id<count($names);++$id) 
{ 
echo $names[$id]; 
} 
&#63;> 
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2、foreach遍历

即可以遍历索引数组,也可以遍历关联数组

遍历索引数组

foreach(array_expression as $value) 
{ 
循环体; 
} 
遍历关联数组 
foreach(array_expression as $key=>$value) 
{ 
循环体; 
} 
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A、一维数组遍历

索引数组

<&#63;php 
$contact = array("李某","xx公司","abc@xx.com"); 
foreach($contact as $value) 
{ 
echo $value; 
} 
&#63;> 
<&#63;php 
$contact = array("姓名"=>"李某","公司"=>"xx公司","邮箱"=>"abc@xx.com"); 
foreach($contact as $key=>$value) 
{ 
echo $key.":".$value; 
} 
&#63;> 
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B、多维数组遍历

<&#63;php 
$wage = array( 
"市场部"=array( 
array(1,"李某","市场经理",8000), 
array(2,"王某","市场专员",5000), 
array(3,"刘某","市场专员",7000) 
), 
"产品部"=array( 
array(1,"李某","产品经理",9000), 
array(2,"王某","产品专员",6000), 
array(3,"刘某","产品专员",5000) 
), 
"账务部"=array( 
array(1,"李某","账务经理",7000), 
array(2,"王某","账务专员",6000), 
array(3,"刘某","账务专员",5000) 
) 
); 
foreach($wage as $section=>$table) 
{ 
echo $section."部门人员如下"; 
foreach($table as $row) 
{ 
foreach($row as $value) 
{ 
echo $value; 
} 
} 
} /* 何问起 hovertree.com */
&#63;> 
Copy after login

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的php数组的实例详解,希望对大家有所帮助。

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