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学习PHP垃圾回收机制了解引用计数器的概念

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Release: 2016-06-23 14:37:42
Original
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php变量存在一个叫"zval"的变量容器中,"zval"变量容器包括含变量的类型和值,还包括额外的两个字节信息,分别是“is_ref”表示变量是否属于引用,“refcount”指向这个zval变量容器的变量个数。

如果你安装了xdebug,就可以用xdebug_debug_zval()显示“zval”的信息了。如下:

<?php	$str = "phpddt.com";	xdebug_debug_zval('str');
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结果:

str:

(refcount=1, is_ref=0),

string 'phpddt.com' (length=10)

只有当变量容器在”refcount“变成0时就被销毁.当你unset()一个变量时,想要的“zval”中refcount就会减1,再来说说前几天遇到的unset引用问题:

<?php	$a = "aaa";	$b = & $a;	unset($a);	//echo $b; //这里依然会输出aaa,用xdebug_debug_zval打印你就知道为什么了	xdebug_debug_zval("b");
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结果:

b:

(refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)

继续说引用计数器问题,对于array和object符合类型情况又不一样了:

<?php	/** by www.phpddt.com */	$arr = array( 'a' => 'aaa', 'b' => "bbb" );	xdebug_debug_zval( 'arr' );	$arr['aaa'] = $arr['a'];	xdebug_debug_zval( 'arr' );?>
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结果:

arr:

(refcount=1, is_ref=0),

array

  'a' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)

  'b' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'bbb' (length=3)

arr:

(refcount=1, is_ref=0),

array

  'a' => (refcount=2, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)

  'b' => (refcount=1, is_ref=0),string 'bbb' (length=3)

  'aaa' => (refcount=2, is_ref=0),string 'aaa' (length=3)

可以看到看到原有的数组元素和新添加的数组元素关联到同一个"refcount"2的zval变量容器.这里我也只是起到抛砖引玉的作用。

具体关于PHP引用计数器可以参照手册:http://php.net/manual/zh/features.gc.refcounting-basics.php

欢迎转载! 原文地址:  http://www.phpddt.com/php/gc-refcounting-basics.html ,转载请注明地址,谢谢!

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