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Thrift的java和php数据交互

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Release: 2016-06-23 13:29:07
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Thrift是一个软件框架(远程过程调用框架),用来进行可扩展且跨语言的服务的开发,封装了数据传输格式(二进制、json)和网络通信的服务框架,提供多语言(C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, and OCaml)的网络服务器端和客户端程序组件

适用于搭建大型数据交换及存储的通用工具,对于大型系统中的内部数据传输相对于JSON和xml无论在性能、传输大小上有明显的优势。

本文以注册服务接口和登录服务器接口为教程,

Thrift开发的几个概念:

Server 服务模型

Handler 数据处理接口

Processor 数据处理对象

Protocol 数据传输协议

Transport 数据传输方式


(1)支持的传输格式

TBinaryProtocol ? 二进制格式.

TCompactProtocol ? 压缩格式

TJSONProtocol ? JSON格式

TSimpleJSONProtocol ?提供JSON只写协议, 生成的文件很容易通过脚本语言解析。

TDebugProtocol ? 使用易懂的可读的文本格式,以便于debug

 

(2) 支持的通信方式(数据传输方式)(Transport)

TFileTransport:文件(日志)传输类,允许client将文件传给server,允许server将收到的数据写到文件中。

THttpTransport:采用Http传输协议进行数据传输

TSocket:采用TCP Socket进行数据传输

TZlibTransport:压缩后对数据进行传输,或者将收到的数据解压

 

下面几个类主要是对上面几个类地装饰(采用了装饰模式),以提高传输效率。

TBufferedTransport:对某个Transport对象操作的数据进行buffer,即从buffer中读取数据进行传输,或者将数据直接写入buffer

TFramedTransport:以frame为单位进行传输,非阻塞式服务中使用。同TBufferedTransport类似,也会对相关数据进行buffer,同时,它支持定长数据发送和接收。

TMemoryBuffer:从一个缓冲区中读写数据


(3)支持的服务模型

TSimpleServer ? 简单的单线程服务模型,常用于测试

TThreadedServer - 多线程服务模型,使用阻塞式IO,每个请求创建一个线程。

TThreadPoolServer ? 线程池服务模型,使用标准的阻塞式IO,预先创建一组线程处理请求。

TNonblockingServer ? 多线程服务模型,使用非阻塞式IO(需使用TFramedTransport数据传输方式)

 

处理大量更新的话,主要是在TThreadedServer和TNonblockingServer中进行选择。TNonblockingServer能够使用少量线程处理大量并发连接,但是延迟较高;TThreadedServer的延迟较低。实际中,TThreadedServer的吞吐量可能会比TNonblockingServer高,但是TThreadedServer的CPU占用要比TNonblockingServer高很多。


服务端编写的一般步骤:

1. 创建Handler

2. 基于Handler创建Processor

3. 创建Transport(通信方式)

4. 创建Protocol方式(设定传输格式)

5. 基于Processor, Transport和Protocol创建Server

6. 运行Server

 

 

客户端编写的一般步骤:

1. 创建Transport

2. 创建Protocol方式

3. 基于Transport和Protocol创建Client

4. 运行Client的方法

上边概述内容参考自:

下面开始正式代码教程

服务描述文件test.thrift,定义了login服务和register

/** * The first thing to know about are types. The available types in Thrift are: * *  bool        Boolean, one byte *  byte        Signed byte *  i16         Signed 16-bit integer *  i32         Signed 32-bit integer *  i64         Signed 64-bit integer *  double      64-bit floating point value *  string      String *  binary      Blob (byte array) *  map<t1,t2>  Map from one type to another *  list<t1>    Ordered list of one type *  set<t1>     Set of unique elements of one type * * Did you also notice that Thrift supports C style comments? */namespace java com.penngonamespace php com.penngostruct User {	1: i64 id,	2: string name,	3: string password}service LoginService{    User login(1:string name, 2:string psw);} service RegisterService{    User createUser(1:string name, 2:string psw);}
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使用thrift生成对应平台语言代码

thrift -gen java test.thrift

thrift -gen php test.thrift

如果php需要生成服务器端,需求改为thrift -gen php:server test.thrift

java

实现LoginServiceImpl.java登录接口业务

import org.apache.thrift.TException;public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService.Iface{	public LoginServiceImpl(){	}	public User login(String name, String psw) throws TException{		User user = null;		if(name.equals("penngo") && psw.equals("123")){			user = new User();			user.setId(1);			user.setName("penngo");		}		return user;	}}
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实现RegisterServiceImpl.java注册接口业务

import org.apache.thrift.TException;public class RegisterServiceImpl implements RegisterService.Iface{	public RegisterServiceImpl(){	}	public User createUser(String name, String psw) throws TException{		User user = new User();		user.setId(2);		user.setName(name);		user.setPassword(psw);		return user;	}}
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服务器端java代码

package com.penngo.main;import org.apache.thrift.TMultiplexedProcessor;import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;import com.penngo.LoginService;import com.penngo.LoginServiceImpl;import com.penngo.RegisterService;import com.penngo.RegisterServiceImpl;public class Server {	private void start() {		try {			TServerSocket serverTransport = new TServerSocket(7911);			// 用户登录			LoginService.Processor loginProcessor = new LoginService.Processor(					new LoginServiceImpl());			// 用户注册			RegisterService.Processor registerProcessor = new RegisterService.Processor(					new RegisterServiceImpl());			// Factory protFactory = new TBinaryProtocol.Factory(true, true);			// TServer server = new TThreadPoolServer(new			// TThreadPoolServer.Args(serverTransport)			// .processor(loginProcessor));			TMultiplexedProcessor processor = new TMultiplexedProcessor();			processor.registerProcessor("LoginService", loginProcessor);			processor.registerProcessor("RegisterService", registerProcessor);			TServer server = new TThreadPoolServer(new TThreadPoolServer.Args(					serverTransport).processor(processor));			System.out.println("Starting server on port 7911 ...");			server.serve();		} catch (TTransportException e) {			e.printStackTrace();		} catch (Exception e) {			e.printStackTrace();		}	}	public static void main(String args[]) {		Server srv = new Server();		srv.start();	}}
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客户端java

package com.penngo.main;import org.apache.thrift.*;import org.apache.thrift.protocol.*;import org.apache.thrift.transport.*;import com.penngo.LoginService;import com.penngo.RegisterService;import com.penngo.User;public class Client {	public static void main(String[] args) {		try {			TTransport transport = new TSocket("localhost", 7911);			TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport);			TMultiplexedProtocol mp1 = new TMultiplexedProtocol(protocol,					"LoginService");			// TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport);			// LoginService.Client client = new LoginService.Client(protocol);			LoginService.Client loginClient = new LoginService.Client(mp1);			TMultiplexedProtocol mp2 = new TMultiplexedProtocol(protocol,					"RegisterService");			RegisterService.Client registerClient = new RegisterService.Client(					mp2);			transport.open();			User user = loginClient.login("penngo", "123");			if (user != null) {				System.out.println("登录成功:" + user.getId() + " "						+ user.getName());			} else {				System.out.println("登录失败");			}			User user2 = registerClient.createUser("test", "123");			if (user2 != null) {				System.out.println("创建用户成功:" + user2.getId() + " "						+ user2.getName());			} else {				System.out.println("创建用户失败");			}			transport.close();		} catch (TException x) {			x.printStackTrace();		}	}}
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客户端php

<?phpnamespace com\penngo;require_once __DIR__.'/../../lib/Thrift/ClassLoader/ThriftClassLoader.php';//echo __DIR__.'/../../lib/Thrift/ClassLoader/ThriftClassLoader.php';use Thrift\ClassLoader\ThriftClassLoader;$GEN_DIR = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)).'/../../gen-php';$loader = new ThriftClassLoader();$loader->registerNamespace('Thrift', __DIR__ . '/../../lib');//$loader->registerDefinition('shared', $GEN_DIR);$loader->registerDefinition('com', $GEN_DIR);$loader->register();if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli') {    ini_set("display_errors", "stderr");}use Thrift\Protocol\TBinaryProtocol;use Thrift\Protocol\TMultiplexedProtocol;use Thrift\Transport\TSocket;use Thrift\Transport\THttpClient;use Thrift\Transport\TBufferedTransport;use Thrift\Exception\TException;use com\penngo\RegisterServiceClient;use com\penngo\LoginServiceClient;try {    if (array_search('--http', $argv)) {        //$socket = new THttpClient('localhost', 8080, '/php/PhpServer.php');    } else {        $socket = new TSocket('localhost', 7911);    }    $transport = new TBufferedTransport($socket, 1024, 1024);    $protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);    $loginProtocol = new TMultiplexedProtocol($protocol, "LoginService");    $registerProtocol = new TMultiplexedProtocol($protocol, "RegisterService");    $loginClient = new LoginServiceClient($loginProtocol);    $registerClient = new RegisterServiceClient($registerProtocol);    $transport->open();    $user = $loginClient->login('penngo', '123');    print "user===={$user->id} {$user->name} \n";        $user = $registerClient->createUser('test', '123456');    print "user===={$user->id} {$user->name} \n";    $transport->close();} catch (TException $tx) {    print 'TException: '.$tx->getMessage()."\n";    print 'TException: '.$tx->getTraceAsString()."\n";}?>
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