Table of Contents
Control HTML file size
Reduce the number of DOM nodes
Optimize critical rendering paths
Use server-side rendering (SSR) or static generation (SSG) reasonably
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

Jul 24, 2025 am 12:42 AM

When optimizing web page performance, you need to pay attention to HTML structure and volume control to improve loading speed and rendering efficiency. First, you should control the size of HTML files, avoid redundant tags, use semantic tags, delete comments, spaces and redundant attributes, and compress HTML through tools such as html-minifier; secondly, reduce the number of DOM nodes, keep the number of page nodes within 1500, use CSS casing and inheritance to reduce the style complexity, and clean up the dynamically generated zombie nodes; again, optimize the key rendering path, reasonably place CSS and JS, use defer or async to load scripts, and load key resources in advance; finally, reasonably adopt server-side rendering (SSR) or static generation (SSG), combine the cache mechanism and streaming rendering to gradually display the content, thereby significantly improving the loading speed and user experience of the first screen.

HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

When doing web performance optimization, HTML itself is often ignored. In fact, HTML is the basis of the entire page, and its structure and size directly affect the loading speed and rendering efficiency. Controlling the "volume" and "complexity" of HTML is an important part of performance budget.

HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

Control HTML file size

If the HTML file is too large, it will cause the first loading time to be longer, especially in mobile network environments to have more obvious impact. A common approach is to set the upper limit of file size, such as the HTML on the first screen should not exceed 10KB.

  • Avoid redundant tags, such as unnecessary <div> or <code><span></span>
  • Replace multiple nested universal containers with semantic tags
  • Delete comments, spaces, and redundant properties (such as type="text/javascript" )
  • Some projects will add HTML compression tools to the build process, such as using html-minifier to automatically clean up useless content, which can easily reduce volume by 20% to 30%.

    HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

    Reduce the number of DOM nodes

    The more DOM nodes, the longer the browser parses and renders it, which will also affect the performance of subsequent JavaScript operations. It is recommended to conduct regular reviews of the DOM structure to avoid excessive nesting.

    • Keeping the number of nodes within 1500 per page is a good reference value
    • Multiple CSS Cascade and inheritance, reducing the addition of classes or styles to each element
    • For dynamically generated content, make sure that "zombie nodes" are not generated

    You can use Chrome DevTools' Performance panel to view the DOM tree size and rendering time, which is helpful for positioning bottlenecks.

    HTML Performance Budgeting Techniques

    Optimize critical rendering paths

    HTML is the first step in building a rendering tree, so make it parsed as quickly as possible and enter the rendering stage. There are a few tips to improve this process:

    • Put CSS and JS in the right place to avoid blocking HTML parsing
    • Loading non-critical scripts using defer or async
    • Load key resources in advance, such as using <link rel="preload">

    For example, introducing critical CSS early in HTML can allow the browser to start drawing pages faster, rather than waiting for the entire document to be parsed before starting.

    Use server-side rendering (SSR) or static generation (SSG) reasonably

    For content-driven websites, direct output of HTML on the server can significantly improve the first-screen speed. Compared with client rendering, users can see content faster and improve search engine friendliness.

    • SSR/SSG can reduce the waiting time for blank pages
    • Use caching mechanism to speed up HTML output
    • Dynamic content can be displayed step by step in combination with "stream rendering"

    Nowadays, many modern frameworks support these modes, such as Next.js, Nuxt.js or Eleventy, just select the suitable plan for the project.

    Basically that's it. HTML seems simple, but the details are handled well, which is very critical to improving overall performance.

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