Table of Contents
Prepare SSL certificate files
Configuring Nginx Server Block
Forced jump to HTTPS (optional)
Check and restart Nginx
Home Operation and Maintenance Nginx How to configure an Nginx server block for SSL/TLS on port 443?

How to configure an Nginx server block for SSL/TLS on port 443?

Jul 14, 2025 am 01:27 AM
nginx ssl/tls

To configure Nginx's SSL/TLS service, you need to prepare the certificate and private key and set the relevant parameters in the server block. 1. Prepare the certificate file: Obtain the certificate in .crt or .pem format and the corresponding .key private key, you can use Let's Encrypt or commercial organization to issue it, and merge the intermediate certificate to the bundle file; 2. Configure the server block: define the listen 443 ssl, ssl_certificate path to /etc/ssl/example.com.crt, ssl_certificate_key path to /etc/ssl/example.com.key in the site configuration file, and set ssl_protocols to enable TLSv1.2 and above, ssl_ciphers to select a secure encryption suite; 3. Force jump to HTTPS (optional): add the server block listening to port 80, and redirect to the HTTPS address through return 301; 4. Check and restart Nginx: Run sudo nginx -t to verify the configuration syntax, and after confirming that the error is correct, execute the sudo systemctl reload nginx effective configuration, while ensuring that the firewall allows port 443 traffic. After completing the above steps, you can access the website via HTTPS and the browser displays a security logo.

How to configure an Nginx server block for SSL/TLS on port 443?

To configure Nginx's SSL/TLS service, you need to prepare the SSL certificate and private key and correctly set the relevant parameters in Nginx's server block. The following are the specific operation steps.

Prepare SSL certificate files

Before you start configuring, you need to have a pair of SSL certificate files:

  • One is a certificate file (usually ending with .crt or .pem )
  • The other is the private key file ( .key )

You can use Let's Encrypt to get a certificate for free, or you can buy it from a commercial organization. Suppose you have obtained the following two files:

  • /etc/ssl/example.com.crt
  • /etc/ssl/example.com.key

If you are using a certificate provided by the intermediate certificate authority, you may also need a bundle file for the intermediate certificate, such as /etc/ssl/example.com.bundle.crt , at this time you should merge your certificate and intermediate certificate into a file for Nginx to use.

Configuring Nginx Server Block

Open or create an Nginx site configuration file, usually located in /etc/nginx/sites-available/ directory. Here is a typical SSL server block example:

 server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/example.com.key;

    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    location / {
        root /var/www/html;
        index index.html;
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

Key points description:

  • listen 443 ssl; means that this block listens for HTTPS requests.
  • ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key point to your certificate and private key paths, respectively.
  • ssl_protocols recommends enabling at least TLSv1.2. If you support higher versions, you can add TLSv1.3.
  • ssl_ciphers sets up encryption suites, and it is recommended to avoid old or unsafe algorithms.

Forced jump to HTTPS (optional)

In many cases you will want users to always access the website via HTTPS. To do this, you can add a server block that listens to port 80 and redirects all requests to HTTPS:

 server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;

    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

This way, when users access HTTP, they will automatically jump to the HTTPS version.

Note: Make sure the firewall allows port 443 traffic. If you are using UFW, you can enable it through ufw allow 443/tcp .

Check and restart Nginx

After the configuration is complete, run the following command to check if the syntax is correct:

 sudo nginx -t

If there are no errors, reload the configuration:

 sudo systemctl reload nginx

Now you should be able to access your website via https://example.com and see the browser address bar showing the lock logo, indicating that SSL/TLS is in effect.

Basically that's it. The entire process is not complicated, but it is easy to ignore the SSL path, permissions or protocol configuration issues. Just pay more attention to troubleshooting.

The above is the detailed content of How to configure an Nginx server block for SSL/TLS on port 443?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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