How Can I Include Nested JARs in My Java Application's Classpath?

Including Nested JARs in the Classpath

One common challenge when packaging Java applications is incorporating dependencies that are distributed as JAR files. This task becomes more complex when those dependencies themselves contain nested JARs. Is there a solution to include nested JARs in the classpath?

Using One-Jar and UberJar

For users seeking to package their applications and dependencies into a single JAR file, there are two widely used techniques: One-Jar and UberJar.

One-Jar employs a specialized classloader that enables jar nesting. It allows users to create composite jars that include the application's own classes as well as the necessary libraries.

Similarly, UberJar and its variant, Shade, are plugins for Maven1 and Maven2 respectively. These tools extract and merge the classes from the included libraries, placing them directly into the top-level JAR.

Alternative Option: Assembly Plugin

While One-Jar and UberJar provide straightforward solutions, users may also consider the Maven assembly plugin. This plugin offers advanced customization options, but it requires careful configuration to achieve the desired jar structure.

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