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Master the Basics: C Programming for Absolute Beginners

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Release： 2024-10-09 16:42:41

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Introduction to C Language Beginner’s Guide 1. Install the C compiler: Use Visual Studio, Xcode, and GCC for Windows, Mac, and Linux respectively. 2. Hello World! Program: Create files and enter code, use the compiler to compile and run. 3. Variables and data types: Use variables to store information, including int, float, char, string and other data types. 4. Operators and expressions: Use operators to perform arithmetic and logical operations, and expressions combine operators, variables and constants. 5. Functions: Create reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks and return values. 6. Array: A collection that stores elements of the same type and is accessed using subscripts. **7

Master the Basics: C Programming for Absolute Beginners

Beginner’s Guide to C Programming

Introduction

C Language is a powerful general-purpose programming language known for its efficiency, portability, and low-level hardware control. It's an ideal choice for beginners looking to start programming or delve deeper into the fundamentals of computer science.

Install the C compiler

First, you need to install the C compiler for your operating system. For Windows, you can choose Microsoft Visual Studio Community Edition; for Mac, you can choose Xcode; for Linux, you can choose GCC.

Hello World! Program

Your first C program should be the classic "Hello World!" program. Create a file called helloworld.c and enter the following code:

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main() {
  printf("Hello World!\n");
  return 0;
}

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Compile and run the program

Compile and run the code using your installed C compiler . The command line steps are as follows:

1 2	`gcc -o helloworld helloworld.c` `./helloworld`

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The output should be: "Hello World!".

Variables and Data Types

Variables are used to store information. C language supports multiple data types, including int (integer), float (floating point number), char (character) and string.

int age = 25;
float salary = 12000.50;
char letter = 'A';
char name[] = "John Doe";

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Operators and Expressions The

operators are used to perform arithmetic, logical and comparison operations on variables. Expressions combine operators with variables and constants.

age++; // 自增age
salary = salary * 1.10; // 增加salary 10%
if (letter == 'A') {
  // 条件成立
}

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Function

A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task and returns a value.

int square(int number) {
  return number * number;
}

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Array

An array is a collection of elements of the same type, accessed using subscripts.

1	`int` `numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};`

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String

String is an array of characters used to store text.

1	`char` `text[] =` `"This is a string.";`

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Practical case: Calculating the area of a circle

The following code uses C language to calculate the area of a circle:

#include <stdio.h>
 
#define PI 3.14159
 
int main() {
  float radius;
  float area;
 
  printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");
  scanf("%f", &radius);
 
  area = PI * radius * radius;
 
  printf("Area of the circle: %.2f\n", area);
 
  return 0;
}

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