How to catch and handle C++ exceptions?

C++ Exceptions are a mechanism for handling unexpected events. Exceptions are caught through try blocks and handled using catch blocks. First, use the throw statement to throw an exception. The exception type can be a standard library exception class or a custom exception class. In a practical case, if the divider is zero, the divide function will throw a runtime_error, and the exception will be caught and handled through the catch block in the main function.

How to catch and handle C++ exceptions

C++ exceptions are a mechanism for handling unexpected events. They allow programs to handle errors gracefully without causing crashes.

Catching exceptions

To catch exceptions, use the following syntax:

try {
  // 容易抛出异常的代码
} catch (exception& e) {
  // 异常处理代码
}

try The block contains code that may throw exceptions. If an exception is thrown, control is transferred to the corresponding catch block. catch The block parameter specifies a reference used to handle a specific exception type.

Throw exception

You can throw an exception by using the throw statement:

throw exception();

exception can be a standard library exception class (such as runtime_error) or a custom exception class.

Practical Case

Consider the following code example:

#include <exception>

int divide(int a, int b) {
  if (b == 0) {
    throw std::runtime_error("除数不能为零");
  }
  return a / b;
}

int main() {
  try {
    int result = divide(10, 0);
    std::cout << result << std::endl;
  } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
    std::cout << "错误：" << e.what() << std::endl;
  }
}

In the main function, we call the divide function and try Catch any exceptions that may be thrown. If the divider is zero, the divide function throws a runtime_error and displays an error message.

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