How are C++ lambda expressions used in concurrent programming?

The benefits of Lambda expressions in concurrent programming include: simplifying thread creation as a thread function; improving readability and encapsulating thread logic; supporting data parallelism and executing multiple operations concurrently.

Application of C++ Lambda expression in concurrent programming

Lambda expression is an anonymous function in C++. Can greatly simplify code writing. When combined with concurrent programming, Lambda expressions can provide the following benefits:

• Simplified thread creation: Lambda expressions can serve as the function body of a new thread, thus simplifying thread creation process.
• Improve code readability: Lambda expressions can encapsulate thread logic into reusable functions, improving code readability and maintainability.
• Support data parallelism: Lambda expressions can perform multiple operations in parallel to achieve data parallel programming.

Practical case

Use Lambda expression to create a thread:

#include <thread>

int main() {
  // 创建一个 Lambda 表达式作为线程函数
  auto func = []() { std::cout << "Hello from thread!" << std::endl; };

  // 使用 Lambda 表达式创建并启动线程
  std::thread t(func);
  t.join();

  return 0;
}

Use Lambda expression Implement data parallelism:

#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
  // 创建一个整数向量
  std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

  // 使用 Lambda 表达式对向量中的元素并行求和
  int sum = std::reduce(std::execution::par_unseq, numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), 0,
                         std::plus<>());

  std::cout << "Sum of numbers: " << sum << std::endl;

  return 0;
}

Use Lambda expressions to handle thread exceptions:

#include <thread>

int main() {
  // 创建一个 Lambda 表达式作为线程函数
  auto func = [](int a, int b) {
    try {
      // 可能抛出异常的代码
      if (b == 0) {
        throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero");
      }
      return a / b;
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
      std::cout << "Exception caught in thread: " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
  };

  // 使用 Lambda 表达式创建并启动线程，指定异常处理函数
  std::thread t(func, 10, 2);
  t.join();

  // 使用 Lambda 表达式创建并启动线程，不指定异常处理函数
  std::thread t2(func, 10, 0);
  t2.join();

  return 0;
}

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