How to create immutable custom types in Golang?

Yes, creating immutable custom types in Go provides many benefits, including thread safety, ease of reasoning, and stronger error handling. To create an immutable type, you need to follow the following steps: Define the type: Declare a custom type that contains member variables and should not include pointers. Declare immutability: Make sure all member variables are base types or other immutable types and avoid using slices, maps, or pointers. Use value receiver methods: Use value receivers for methods associated with a type, disallowing structure literal allocation, and forcing methods to operate only on themselves.

#How to create immutable custom types in Go?

Creating immutable custom types in Go provides many benefits, including thread safety, ease of reasoning, and stronger error handling. To create an immutable type, you can follow these steps:

1. Define the type: Create a custom type and declare it using the type keyword . Pointers should not be included in the declaration.

type ImmutableType struct {
    // 成员变量
}

2. Define immutability: Ensure that all member variables are base types or other immutable types, such as structures or interfaces. Avoid using slices, maps, or pointers as they can point to mutable data.

type ImmutableType struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

3. Use value receiver methods: For methods associated with a type, use value receivers (instead of pointer receivers). Value receivers force methods to operate only on the type instance itself and do not allow modification of external state.

func (i ImmutableType) GetName() string {
    return i.Name
}

4. Disable structure literal assignment: Go allows the use of structure literals to assign values ​​to structures. However, this feature should be disabled for immutable types, as it allows the type's immutability to be bypassed. This can be achieved using the //go:nosumtype comment.

//go:nosumtype
type ImmutableType struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

Practical case:

package main

import "fmt"

// 不可变类型
type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
}

func main() {
    // 创建一个不可变实例
    person := Person{Name: "John", Age: 30}

    // 尝试修改成员变量（编译时错误）
    // person.Name = "Jane"

    // 通过值接收器获取值
    name := person.GetName()

    fmt.Println(name) // 输出：John
}

By following these steps, you can create immutable custom types in Go, thereby enhancing the security and safety of your program. Reasonable and robust.

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