PHP Unit Testing: Data-driven testing with PHPUnit

How to use PHPUnit for data-driven testing in PHP? Install PHPUnit. Create a data provider method that returns a multidimensional array containing test data. Add the @dataProvider annotation on the test method to specify the name of the data provider method. Get the data and set assertions in the test method. Data-driven testing can improve testing efficiency and coverage.

PHP Unit Testing: Data-driven testing using PHPUnit

Introduction

Data-driven testing is an efficient testing method that uses a different set of input data to make multiple calls to the same function or method. This can help ensure that your code works properly in a wide range of scenarios. PHPUnit is a popular unit testing framework for PHP that provides a flexible and easy-to-use mechanism for creating data-driven tests.

Setting up PHPUnit

Before you begin, make sure you have PHPUnit installed. You can install it via composer:

composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit

Creating a data provider

To conduct data-driven testing, you need to define a data provider to provide test data. A data provider is a method that returns a multidimensional array in which each row represents a set of test data:

class DataProviderExampleTest extends PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
{
    public function additionData()
    {
        return [
            [1, 2, 3],
            [4, 5, 9],
            [6, 7, 13],
        ];
    }
}

Use @dataProvider

To use a data provider, Please add the @dataProvider annotation to your test method. The annotation should specify the name of the data provider method:

public function testAddition()
{
    // 获取输入数据
    $dataProvider = $this->dataProvider();

    // 设置断言
    $this->assertEquals($dataProvider[0][2], $dataProvider[0][0] + $dataProvider[0][1]);
    $this->assertEquals($dataProvider[1][2], $dataProvider[1][0] + $dataProvider[1][1]);
    // ...
}

Practical example

The following is a practical example of testing the addition function:

class MathTest extends PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
{
    /**
     * @dataProvider additionData
     */
    public function testAddition(int $a, int $b, int $expected)
    {
        $actual = $this->addition($a, $b);
        $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
    }

    public function additionData()
    {
        return [
            [1, 2, 3],
            [4, 5, 9],
            [6, 7, 13],
        ];
    }
}

In this example, addition is the function that needs to be tested, and additionData provides data for different inputs and expected outputs.

Conclusion

Using PHPUnit for data-driven testing can greatly improve your testing efficiency and coverage. It allows you to test multiple scenarios of your code simultaneously using one set of data to discover defects more comprehensively.

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