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几个PHP的静态方法的程序例子

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Release: 2016-06-13 09:39:02
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静态方法的规则和静态变量是相同的。使用ststic关键字可以将方法标识为静态方法,通过类的名称和作用域限定操作符::可以访问静态方法。

静态方法和非静态方法之间有一个很重要的区别,就是在调用静态方法时,我们不需要创建类的实例。

Program List:用类名作为参数

用类名作为参数可以解决非继承的静态问题。

  
<?php
class Fruit {
	public static $category = "I'm fruit";
    
    static function find($class) 
	{
    	$vars = get_class_vars($class) ;
      	echo $vars['category'] ;
    }
}
class Apple extends Fruit {
     public static $category = "I'm Apple";
}
Apple::find("Apple");
?>
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程序运行结果:

I'm Apple
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Program List:重写基类方法

在派生类重写基类的方法。

  
<?php
class Fruit
{
	static function Foo ( $class = __CLASS__ )
   	{
       	call_user_func(array($class, 'Color'));
   	}
}
class Apple extends Fruit
{
   	static function Foo ( $class = __CLASS__ )
   	{
       	parent::Foo($class);
   	}
   	static function Color()
   	{
       	echo "Apple's color is red";
   	}
}
Apple::Foo(); // This time it works.
?>
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程序运行结果:

Apple's color is red
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Program List:静态数组的使用

静态和const作用域都可以用::操作符访问,如果你想使用::操作符访问数组,你需要事先将数组声明为静态。

  
<?php
class Fruit
{
  	static $color = array('color1' => 'red', 'color2' => 'yellow');
}
class Apple
{
  	public function __construct()
  	{
    	var_dump(Fruit::$color);
  	}
}
class Banana
{
  public function __construct()
  {
    Fruit::$color = FALSE;
  }
}
new Apple();    // prints array(2) { ["color1"]=> string(3) "red" ["color2"]=> string(6) "yellow" } 
echo '<br />';
new Banana();
new Apple();    // prints bool(false)
?>
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程序运行结果:

array(2) { ["color1"]=> string(3) "red" ["color2"]=> string(6) "yellow" } 
bool(false)
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Program List:再来一个单例模式

Static真的很酷,下面的程序演示了如何获得一个已经存在的实例。

    
<?php
class Singleton {
    private static $instance=null;
    private $value=null;
    private function __construct($value) {
        $this->value = $value;
    }
    public static function getInstance() {
        if ( self::$instance == null ) {
            echo "<br>new<br>";
            self::$instance = new Singleton("values");
        }  
		else {
            echo "<br>old<br>";
        }
        return self::$instance;
    }
}
$x = Singleton::getInstance();
var_dump($x); // returns the new object
$y = Singleton::getInstance();
var_dump($y); // returns the existing object
?>
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程序运行结果:

new
object(Singleton)#1 (1) { ["value:private"]=> string(6) "values" } 
old
object(Singleton)#1 (1) { ["value:private"]=> string(6) "values" }
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