两个使用Python脚本操作文件的小示例分享-Python Tutorial-php.cn

1这是一个创建一个文件,并在控制台写入行到新建的文件中.

#!/usr/bin/env python 
 
'makeTextFile.py -- create text file' 
 
import os 
ls = os.linesep 
 
#get filename 
while True: 
  fname = raw_input('Enter filename:') 
  if os.path.exists(fname): 
    print "ERROR: '%s' already exists" % fname 
  else: 
    break 
 
#get file content (text) lines 
all = [] 
print "\nEnter lines('.' by itself to quit).\n" 
 
#loop until user terminates input 
while True: 
  entry = raw_input('>') 
  if entry == '.': 
    break 
  else: 
    all.append(entry) 
 
#write lines to file with proper line-ending 
fobj = open(fname, 'w') 
fobj.writelines(['%s%s' % (x, ls) for x in all]) 
fobj.close() 
print 'DONE!' 
os.linesep表示行结尾标志, 用本地变量名ls代替它节省了时间,并减少了消耗系统资源.
用 raw_input()读入文件名
用列表all[]来保存每一行文本(它们暂时在内存中).
最后创建文件后,用writelines()把内存中的行写入打开的文件中.

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2.这是一个读特定文件内容的小程序.

#!/usr/bin/env python 
 
'readTextFile.py -- read and display text file' 
 
#get filename 
fname = raw_input('Enter filename: ') 
print 
 
#attempt to open file for reading 
try: 
  fobj = open(fname, 'r') 
except IOError, e: 
  print "*** file open error:", e 
else: 
  #display contents to the screen 
  for eachLine in fobj: 
    print eachLine, 
  fobj.close()

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(1)注意:由于我们没有移除代表每行结束的行结束符，我们不得不抵制 print 语句自动生成的行结束符－－通过在print 语句的最后加一个逗号可以达到这一目的
print 后没有逗号是这种效果:

(2) try-except-else是一个新出現的语句,其中except子句是我们处理错误的地方.

注:两个程序在执行前,需要给文件增加可执行权限.

$chmod a+x filename

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