Wie richte ich eine PHP-Umgebung ein? Einrichtung der PHP-Umgebung (ausführliche Erklärung)

sudo yum install wget

sudo yum install net-tools

yum -y update

sudo yum install vim

vim ~/.vimrc
set nu #输入 set nu 后退出保存

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel

rpm -qa pcre pcre-devel
rpm -qa zlib zlib-devel
rpm -qa openssl openssl-devel
rpm -qa pcre pcre-devel

# 这里我们把安装包都放到了/usr/src目录下，便于统一管理
cd /usr/src  #切换到软件包目录
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.1.tar.gz   #下载nginx源码包
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M   #创建nginx用户用于管理nginx程序
tar zxvf nginx-1.14.1.tar.gz  #解压nginx源码包

cd nginx-1.14.1

#预编译
./configure \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.14.1 \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module

make && make install #编译 和 安装

cd /usr/local
ln -s nginx-1.14.1 nginx  #创建nginx的软链接

--prefix=PATH    #设置安装路劲
--user=USER      #进程用户权限
--group=GROUP    #进程用户组权限
--with-http_stub_status_module   #激活状态信息
--with-http_ssl_module  #激活ssl功能

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

vim /etc/rc.local
# Nginx开机自启
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t # 检查Nginx配置语法是否有误
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  #启动
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop  #立即停止
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit  #平滑停止
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #重载配置
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen #重开日志

lsof -i :80

sudo yum install lsof

CentOS6:
service iptables stop   临时关闭
chkconfig --level 2345 iptables off 永久关闭

CentOS7:
systemctl stop firewalld.service  #令关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service  #关闭防火墙开机自启动
通过浏览器输入IP测试是否成功

sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel

sudo yum install perl perl-devel autoconf

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql  # 添加MySQL用户
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.42.tar.gz

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.42.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.6.42

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.42 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=OFF \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DENABLED_PROFILING=ON \
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

make && make install

cd /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42
chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/data
mkdir tmp
chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.42/tmp
rm -f /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

cd /usr/local
ln -s mysql-5.6.42 mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld

service mysqld start
mysql -u root -p #第一次登陆不需要密码，回车即可
set password for root@localhost = password('root');  #修改密码

sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ zip unzip libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel  zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel gd-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel

cd /usr/src
wget http://hk1.php.net/get/php-7.2.12.tar.gz/from/this/mirror -O php-7.2.12.tar.gz

tar zxvf php-7.2.12.tar.gz
cd  php-7.2.12
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php-7.2.12 \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=nginx \
--with-fpm-group=nginx \
--with-zlib \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock \
--with-gd \
--with-png-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-openssl \
--with-curl \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-static \
--enable-zip \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-xml


make && make install

cd /usr/local

ln -s php-7.2.12 php
cp  /usr/src/php-7.2.12/php.ini-development /usr/local/php-7.2.12/lib/php.ini
 
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
date.timezone = PRC  # 修改时区(大约在932行)

expose_php = Off  # 避免PHP信息暴露在http头中(大约369行)
 
display_errors = Off# 生产环境设置为off,开发环境就设置为On,便于调试
 说明:设置了dispaly_errors为off后,需要在php-fpm.conf中开启错误日志记录路径error_log = log/php-fpm.log
 
cd php 
cp etc/php-fpm.conf.default etc/php-fpm.conf

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf

# 管理PHP-FPM
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log #24行这个在php.ini设置display_errors = Off时启用

向进程发送信号,就可以完成进程管理
停止: kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
平滑停止: kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
重启:kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
重新打开日志:kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

如果在编译PHP时指定了--with-mysql=mysqlnd和--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd的参数，那么在生产中可能会遇到socket连接问题，解决办法是在php.ini里加入命令: pdo_mysql.default_socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

最好是在编译PHP的时候，指定mysql.socket的位置:
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

vim /etc/rc.local
# PHP-FPM自动启动
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &

cd /usr/local/php
sbin/php-fpm # 启动PHP-FPM
ps -e | grep php-fpm

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
    #隐藏Nginx软件版本号
    server_tokens off;
    
    #激活tcp_nodelay功能,提高I/O性能
    tcp_nodelay on;

    # 设置读取客户端请求头数据的超时时间。此处的数值为15，其单位是秒，为经验参考值
    client_header_timeout 15;

    # 设置读取客户端请求体的超时时间
    client_body_timeout 15;

    # 指定响应客户端的超时时间
    send_timeout 25;

    # 上传文件大小限制
    client_max_body_size 8m;
    
    #压缩配置
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length 1k;
    gzip_buffers 16 8k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types text/css text/xml text/plain application/javascript;
    gzip_vary on;
    #include extra/gzip.config;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    server {
         listen       80;
         server_name  www.nginx.com;
         root html/blog/public;
         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

         location / {
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
            if (!-e $request_filename) {
                rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last;
            }
         }

         #error_page  404              /404.html;

         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
         #
         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
         location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
         }

         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         location ~ \.php {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
         }
    }
}

#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In constrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

#这个文件是为了兼容性的问题而添加的。
#
#强烈建议创建自己的systemd服务或udev规则来在开机时运行脚本而不是使用这个文件。
#
#与以前的版本引导时的并行执行相比较，这个脚本将不会在其他所有的服务后执行。
#
#请记住，你必须执行“chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local”来确保确保这个脚本在引导时执行。

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local