Diese Lösung verwendet zwei VIP-Adressen, und das Frontend verwendet zwei Maschinen, die jeweils andere als Master und Backup fungiert, und zwei Maschinen Gleichzeitig arbeiten: Wenn eine der Maschinen ausfällt, werden die Anforderungen der beiden Maschinen auf die Last einer Maschine übertragen, was für die aktuelle Architekturumgebung sehr gut geeignet ist. Daher wird diese Lösung zur Implementierung einer Hochverfügbarkeitsarchitektur verwendet für die Website.
Nachfolgend verwenden wir die zweite Konfiguration, um den Dual-Master-Lastausgleich mit hoher Verfügbarkeit zu demonstrieren.
Gruppe 1
VIP1: 192.168.36.100
Primäres Nginx: 192.168.36.99
Backup-Nginx: 192.168.36.86
Gruppe 2
VIP2: 192.168.36.100
Haupt-Nginx: 192.168.36.86
Backup-Nginx: 192.168.36.99
Webdienst:
web1: 192.168.36.215
web2: 192.168.36.80
1. Nginx-Konfiguration (wird für die Installation weggelassen)
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
upstream web1 {
server 192.168.36.215:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3s;
}
upstream web2 {
server 192.168.36.80:80 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=3s;
}
server {
listen 88;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://web1;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
server {
listen 99;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://web2;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
}web1
http://192.168.36.86:88 /
http://192.168.36.99:88/
web2
http://192.168.36.86:99/
http://192.168.36.99:99/
2. Keepalived installieren und konfigurieren (Installation entfällt)
1)192.168.36.86 Konfiguration
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
monitor@3evip.cn
#failover@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from tianwei7518@163.com
smtp_server smtp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/chk_nginx.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 100
priority 50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.36.100
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 200
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.36.200
}
}vi /etc/ keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
monitor@3evip.cn
#failover@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from tianwei7518@163.com
smtp_server smtp.163.com
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/chk_nginx.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 100
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.36.100
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 200
priority 50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.36.200
}
}vi /etc/keepalived/chk_nginx.sh
#!/bin/sh
#description: # 如果启动失败，则停止keepalived
status=$( ps -C nginx --no-heading| wc -l)
if [ "${status}" = "0" ]; then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
status2=$( ps -C nginx --no-heading| wc -l)
if [ "${status2}" = "0" ]; then
service keepalived stop
fi
fi3. Starten und testen
Starten Sie nginx bzw. keepalived ： /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
Service Keepalived Start
Besuch:
web1
http://192.168.36.100:88/
http://192.168.36.200:88/
web2
http://192.168.36.100:99/
http://192.168.36.200:99/
kann normal aufgerufen werden.
Wir können versuchen, ein Keepalived auszuschalten. Schließen Sie keepalived
Service keepalived stop192.168.36.86 🎜 >
Protokoll anzeigen:
tail -f /var/log/messages
192.168.36.86 Protokoll:
Feb 7 00:39:05 slave-d Keepalived[5738]: Stopping Keepalived v1.2.15 (02/07,2015) Feb 7 00:39:05 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[5741]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) sending 0 priority Feb 7 00:39:05 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[5741]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs. Feb 7 00:39:05 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[5740]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.200 removed Feb 7 00:39:05 slave-d avahi-daemon[1823]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.36.200 on eth0.
Feb 7 00:39:11 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Transition to MASTER STATE Feb 7 00:39:12 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering MASTER STATE Feb 7 00:39:12 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) setting protocol VIPs. Feb 7 00:39:12 slave-c Keepalived_healthcheckers[25102]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.200 added Feb 7 00:39:12 slave-c avahi-daemon[1832]: Registering new address record for 192.168.36.200 on eth0.IPv4. Feb 7 00:39:12 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.36.200 Feb 7 00:39:17 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.36.200
192.168.36.86 Protokoll:
Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived[6004]: Starting Keepalived v1.2.15 (02/07,2015) Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived[6005]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=6007 Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived[6005]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=6008 Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.86 added Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe6a:66ff added Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.86 added Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Netlink reflector reports IP fe80::20c:29ff:fe6a:66ff added Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Configuration is using : 44182 Bytes Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)] Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Configuration is using : 7257 Bytes Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector... Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Transition to MASTER STATE Feb 7 00:40:42 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Received lower prio advert, forcing new election Feb 7 00:40:43 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering MASTER STATE Feb 7 00:40:43 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) setting protocol VIPs. Feb 7 00:40:43 slave-d avahi-daemon[1823]: Registering new address record for 192.168.36.200 on eth0.IPv4. Feb 7 00:40:43 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.36.200 Feb 7 00:40:43 slave-d Keepalived_healthcheckers[6007]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.200 added Feb 7 00:40:48 slave-d Keepalived_vrrp[6008]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.36.200
Feb 7 00:40:47 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Received higher prio advert Feb 7 00:40:47 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering BACKUP STATE Feb 7 00:40:47 slave-c Keepalived_vrrp[25103]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs. Feb 7 00:40:47 slave-c Keepalived_healthcheckers[25102]: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.36.200 removed Feb 7 00:40:47 slave-c avahi-daemon[1832]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.36.200 on eth0.
Nach dem Schließen von Nginx können Sie sehen, dass Nginx sofort startet.
Referenzartikel:
CentOS6.5 Keepalived detaillierte Erklärung und Implementierung der Hochverfügbarkeit des Nginx-Dienstes
Verwenden Sie NginX+keepalived, um einen Hochverfügbarkeits-Lastausgleich zu erreichen
Keepalived+Nginx, um einen Hochverfügbarkeits- und Dual-Master-Knoten-Lastausgleich zu erreichen
nginx+keepalived realisiert Nginx Dual-Master-Hochverfügbarkeits-Lastausgleich
Nginx-Neustart
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