如何在Python中同时使用Zip（）函数在多个列表上迭代？

使用 zip() 函数可以同时遍历多个列表，1. 它按索引位置将元素配对，返回元组迭代器；2. 循环在最短列表结束时停止；3. 对于长度不同的列表，可使用 itertools.zip_longest() 以填充值包含所有元素；4. zip() 语法简洁高效，适用于并行迭代。

You use the zip() function in Python to iterate over multiple lists (or any iterables) simultaneously by pairing their elements index-wise. It returns an iterator of tuples, where each tuple contains the elements from the input iterables at the same position.

Basic Syntax

zip(list1, list2, list3, ...)

When used in a loop, zip() stops when the shortest input iterable is exhausted.

Example: Iterating Over Two Lists

names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie']
ages = [25, 30, 35]

for name, age in zip(names, ages):
    print(f'{name} is {age} years old')

Output:

Alice is 25 years old
Bob is 30 years old
Charlie is 35 years old

Example: Iterating Over Three Lists

names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie']
ages = [25, 30, 35]
cities = ['New York', 'London', 'Tokyo']

for name, age, city in zip(names, ages, cities):
    print(f'{name}, {age}, {city}')

Output:

Alice, 25, New York
Bob, 30, London
Charlie, 35, Tokyo

Handling Lists of Different Lengths

zip() stops at the end of the shortest list:

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
letters = ['a', 'b']

for num, letter in zip(numbers, letters):
    print(num, letter)

Output:

1 a
2 b

Note: The extra elements in the longer list (3, 4) are ignored.

If You Want to Include All Elements: Use itertools.zip_longest()

from itertools import zip_longest

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
letters = ['a', 'b']

for num, letter in zip_longest(numbers, letters, fillvalue='?'):
    print(num, letter)

Output:

1 a
2 b
3 ?
4 ?

Summary

• Use zip() to loop over multiple lists together.
• It pairs elements by index.
• Looping stops at the shortest list.
• For unequal lists and full coverage, use itertools.zip_longest().

Basically, zip() is clean, readable, and efficient for parallel iteration.

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