本指南详细介绍了如何使用 OAuth 通过 Twitter API v1.1 进行身份验证,并随后通过 HttpWebRequest 检索用户的时间线。 旧版 v1 API 已过时;此方法利用更新的协议。
OAuth 身份验证步骤:
https://api.twitter.com/oauth2/token
的身份验证请求。 请求标头必须包含使用 Base64 编码字符串的消费者密钥和秘密。grant_type=client_credentials
.检索用户的时间线:
https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/user_timeline.json
提出请求。包含必要的查询参数,例如 screen_name
、include_rts
、exclude_replies
和 count
。代码示例(C#):
<code class="language-csharp">// Assume these variables are pre-populated: // oAuthConsumerKey: Your OAuth consumer key // oAuthConsumerSecret: Your OAuth consumer secret // screenname: The target Twitter username // Authentication string authHeaderFormat = "Basic {0}"; string authHeader = string.Format(authHeaderFormat, Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Uri.EscapeDataString(oAuthConsumerKey) + ":" + Uri.EscapeDataString(oAuthConsumerSecret)))); string postBody = "grant_type=client_credentials"; HttpWebRequest authRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("https://api.twitter.com/oauth2/token"); authRequest.Headers.Add("Authorization", authHeader); authRequest.Method = "POST"; authRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"; authRequest.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate; using (Stream stream = authRequest.GetRequestStream()) { byte[] content = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postBody); stream.Write(content, 0, content.Length); } authRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip"); HttpWebResponse authResponse = (HttpWebResponse)authRequest.GetResponse(); // Deserialize authentication response TwitterAuthResponse authResponseObject; using (authResponse) { using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(authResponse.GetResponseStream())) { string json = reader.ReadToEnd(); authResponseObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<TwitterAuthResponse>(json); } } // Timeline Request string timelineFormat = "https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/user_timeline.json?screen_name={0}&include_rts=1&exclude_replies=1&count=5"; string timelineUrl = string.Format(timelineFormat, screenname); HttpWebRequest timelineRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(timelineUrl); string timelineHeaderFormat = "{0} {1}"; timelineRequest.Headers.Add("Authorization", string.Format(timelineHeaderFormat, authResponseObject.token_type, authResponseObject.access_token)); timelineRequest.Method = "GET"; HttpWebResponse timelineResponse = (HttpWebResponse)timelineRequest.GetResponse(); // Parse timeline response string timelineJson; using (timelineResponse) { using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(timelineResponse.GetResponseStream())) { timelineJson = reader.ReadToEnd(); } } // Process the timelineJson data.</code>
请记住将占位符替换为您的实际按键和屏幕名称。 应添加错误处理和异常管理以供生产使用。 这个改进的示例阐明了变量命名并增强了可读性。 您需要为 Newtonsoft.Json
安装 JsonConvert
NuGet 包。
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