1 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor執行緒池:
ThreadPoolTaskExecutor是Spring基於java本身的執行緒池ThreadPoolExecutor所做的二次封裝,主要目的還是為了更方便的在spring框架體系中使用執行緒池, 是Spring中預設的執行緒池
2 使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor注入bean到ioc中
設定檔形式,Spring會自動設定
## 默认线程池配置,ThreadPoolTaskExecutor # 核心线程数 spring.task.execution.pool.core-size=8 # 最大线程数 spring.task.execution.pool.max-size=16 # 空闲线程存活时间 spring.task.execution.pool.keep-alive=60s # 是否允许核心线程超时 spring.task.execution.pool.allow-core-thread-timeout=true # 线程队列数量 spring.task.execution.pool.queue-capacity=100 # 线程关闭等待 spring.task.execution.shutdown.await-termination=false spring.task.execution.shutdown.await-termination-period= # 线程名称前缀 spring.task.execution.thread-name-prefix=demo_Thread
設定形式:
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap; import java.util.concurrent.Executor; import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture; //@Configuration public class ThreadConfig { @Value("${task.maxPoolSize}") private int maxPoolSize; //todo 其他的相关配置都可以通过配置文件中注入 @Bean("ThreadPoolTaskExecutor") public Executor myAsync() { final ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize); //todo 其他参数设置 //初始化 executor.initialize(); return executor; } }
3 創建線程後全部從ioc中獲取線程池子
4 線程池處理流程:
(1) 查看核心線程池是否已滿,不滿就創建一條線程執行任務,核心執行緒數量已滿就查看任務佇列是否已滿不滿就將執行緒儲存在任務佇列中任務佇列已滿,就查看最大執行緒數量,不滿就創建執行緒執行任務,已滿就按照拒絕策略執行
(2) 拒絕策略:
CallerRunsPolicy():原來的執行緒執行
(2) 設定類別形式:
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap; import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture; @Configuration public class ThreadPoolTaskSchedulerConfig { @Bean public ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler() { final ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); //设置等待任务在关机时l候完成 threadPoolTaskScheduler.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true); //设置等待时间为60s threadPoolTaskScheduler.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60); return threadPoolTaskScheduler; } }
schedule(Runnable task,Trigger) schedule(Runnable task,Date)
scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable task,long delay)
scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable task,long delay)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler; import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.ParseException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.concurrent.*; @Service public class SchedulerService { @Autowired ThreadPoolTaskScheduler scheduler; /** * 常规线程池使用 */ public void tesScheduler1() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { //无返回值 final Future<?> demo_scheduler1 = scheduler.submit(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println("demo runnable scheduler"); } }); //无返回值 final Future<?> demo_scheduler2 = scheduler.submit(new Callable<Object>() { @Override public Object call() throws Exception { System.out.println("demo callable scheduler"); return "callable"; } }); System.out.println("result:" + demo_scheduler2.get()); } /** * 定时任务 */ public void tesScheduler2() throws ParseException { //CronTrigger表达式百度即可 scheduler.schedule(() -> { System.out.println("定时任务"); }, new CronTrigger("0/1****?")); //创建指定时间的日期 final Date date = new Date(2023, 3, 26, 21, 35); final DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(); final Date parse = format.parse("2023-03-26-21-26"); scheduler.schedule(() -> { System.out.println(new Date()); }, parse); } /** * 指定时间间隔执行任务,上次任务结束到下次任务开始的时间间隔 */ public void tesScheduler3() { scheduler.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> { //todo }, 300L); } /** * 固定频率执行任务,在固定一段时间后便会执行下次任务, * 如果时间到了上次任务还没执行完毕则等待, * 直到上一次任务执行完毕后立马执行下次任务 */ public void tesScheduler4() { scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(new FutureTask<String>(new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { return null; } }), 200); } //取消定时任务队列 public static ConcurrentMap<String, ScheduledFuture> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); public void startTask(String k1) { map.compute(k1, (k, v) -> { if (map.containsKey(k)) return v; map.put(k, v); return v; }); } }
(2)@Scheduled(fixedRate=5000)定時執行,每隔五秒就進行執行
(3)@Scheduled(corn="002**?") 自訂執行,corn表達式百度,常用此執行方式,corn="002**?"每天凌晨兩點開始執行定時任務
( 2) @Scheduled和@Async註解開啟定時任務,在@Async("pool")中指定線程池,若是沒有指定線程池會使用Spring的SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor線程池,這個線程池每次都會增加一個線程去執行任務,效率低
2 @Async開啟非同步任務,指定執行緒池
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class AsyncService { @Async public void showThreadName1() { //默认线程池 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } @Async("myPool")//指定线程池 public void showThreadName2() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } }
@Bean("myPool") public Executor executor(){ return new ThreadPoolExecutor(// 自定义一个线程池 1, // coreSize 2, // maxSize 60, // 60s TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3) // 有界队列,容量是3个 , Executors.defaultThreadFactory() , new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()); }
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