RHEL-7.8 MySQL 8.0 linux generic 安裝部署

準備最基礎資訊的my.cnf

本案例my.cnf設定檔是最基礎的初始化設定文件，只能保證mysql服務正常開啟，並不適用生產環境，
關於更多關於buffer、logfile等效能參數需要根據主機的CPU、MEM/硬碟等硬體環境進行後續對應最佳化設定

系統版本
[root@mysql~]# cat /etc/redhat- release
----Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.8 (Maipo)
MySQL版本
---MySQL-mysql-8.0.20

1.1. 準備my.cnf 設定檔
[root@mysql ~]#vi /ect/my.cnf

[mysqld]

SERVER ID

##server_id=1

#data directory

datadir=/mysql/data

SOCKET & pid

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

pid-file=/tmp/mysql.pid

logfile

log-error=/mysql/log/error.log

log_bin = /mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=ROW

TRX mode

transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

1.2 環境變數設定

[root@mysql ~]# pwd
/root

#1.2.1 新增下列環境變數

[root@mysql ~]# vi .bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

1.2.2 source 生效目前環境變數

[root@mysql ~]# source .bash_profile

1.2.3 查看生效結果mysql的環境變數已經在PATH裡了

[root@mysql ~]#echo $PATH
/ usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/root/bin :/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

2.mysql 資料使用者、檔案目錄初始化

2.1 建立mysql使用者、群組

[root@mysql~]#groupadd mysql

[root@mysql~]#useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

2.2 建立mysql資料檔目錄權限

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/log/
[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/binlog/
[root@mysql~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql
[root@mysql~]# chmod -R 775 /mysql/

2.2.1查看權限

[root@mysql /]# ls -ld /mysql/

drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 41 Oct 25 21:35 /mysql/

2.3 解壓縮安裝mysql server

2.3.1 將下載好的mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz檔案放在目錄/usr/local

#[root@mysql local]#cd /usr/local

2.3.2 解壓縮mysql壓縮檔

[root@mysql local]#tar xvf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64. tar.xz

2.3.3 建立mysql軟連結檔案

[root@mysql local]#ln -s mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

## 2.3.4 建立mysql-file 賦權

[root@mysql local]#cd mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#mkdir mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql] #chown mysql:mysql mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql]#chmod 750 mysql-files

3.初始化mysql server

[root@mysql mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

設定ssl

[root@mysql mysql]#bin /mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

使用mysqld_safe啟動mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

#2020-10-25T13:57:57.972091Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/mysql/log/error.log'.

2020-10-25T14:58:58.008556Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql/datasqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql/datasqld#safe#33066,查看連接埠有3306連接埠證明mysql已經啟動
[root@mysql mysql]# ss -ln |grep 3306

tcp LISTEN 0 70 [::]:33060 [::]:*

tcp LISTEN 0 128 [:: ]:3306 [::]:*

3.2 拷貝mysql啟動檔到/etc/init.d/
[root@mysql mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init .d/mysql.server

4.查看密碼
error log 目錄在/mysql/log/中，進入/mysql/log/也可以查看error.log查找mysql初始化密碼

##[root@mysql]#cd /mysql/log/

[root@mysql log]# more error.log

2020-10-25T13:58:13.679884Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as pro
cess 14924
2020-10-10-10-10-10-10-10-10-10 25T13:58:13.693343Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-10-25T13:58:14.402699Z 1 [System] has ended.
2020-10-25T13:58:15.799133Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ern8uu_RY!9r##uu#碼----> Ern8uu_RY!9r

5.重新啟動MySQL server

[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql.server restart

#Shutting down MySQL. .2020-10-25T14:03:22.070562Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid 文件 /tmp/mysql.pid ended

SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[1] Done bin/mysql =mysql (wd: /usr/local/mysql)
(wd now: ~)

6.登入mysql

使用rn8uu_RY!9r密碼登入

#[root@ mysql ]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

#執行show database時會提示修改初始密碼

mysql> ; show databases;

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

7.修改初始化root密碼
mysql密碼的維度是使用者名稱主機，修改密碼是需要根據使用者名稱和主機的維度來一起修改

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost ' identified by 'mysql123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

## 8.使用新修改的密碼登入mysql

[root@ mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p mysql123

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

Database

information_schema

mysql

performance_schema #

#o##o

o> 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

到此，mysql server最基本的初始化就完成了

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