本文是對MySQL在刪除表時I/O錯誤原因分析，首先要先觀察問題現象然後做出相關的問題調查，可以得出結論：主線程獲取ibuf的（space，page）的過程與刪除操作執行的過程並沒有鎖定保證互斥，只有async I/O完成之後的merge操作與刪除操作才有互斥。全部的解釋本文有詳細的介紹。 apache php mysql
begin!
[ERROR] InnoDB: Trying to do I/O to a tablespace which does not exist. I/O type: read, page: [page id: space=32, page number=57890], I/O length: 16384 bytes。
sysbench --tables=100 --table-size=4000000 --threads=50 --mysql-db=sbtest --time=300 oltp_delete cleanup
(gdb) bt #0 fil_io (type=..., sync=sync@entry=false, page_id=..., page_size=..., byte_offset=byte_offset@entry=0, len=16384, buf=0x7f9ead544000, message=message@entry=0x7f9ea8ce9c78) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/fil/fil0fil.cc:5580 #1 0x00000000010f99fa in buf_read_page_low (err=0x7f9ddaffc72c, sync=<optimized out>, type=0, mode=<optimized out>, page_id=..., page_size=..., unzip=true) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0rea.cc:195 #2 0x00000000010fc5fa in buf_read_ibuf_merge_pages (sync=sync@entry=false, space_ids=space_ids@entry=0x7f9ddaffc7e0, page_nos=page_nos@entry=0x7f9ddaffc7a0, n_stored=2) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0rea.cc:834 #3 0x0000000000f3a86c in ibuf_merge_pages (n_pages=n_pages@entry=0x7f9ddaffce30, sync=sync@entry=false) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/ibuf/ibuf0ibuf.cc:2552 #4 0x0000000000f3a94a in ibuf_merge (sync=false, sync=false, n_pages=0x7f9ddaffce30) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/ibuf/ibuf0ibuf.cc:2656 #5 ibuf_merge_in_background (full=full@entry=false) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/ibuf/ibuf0ibuf.cc:2721 #6 0x000000000102bcf4 in srv_master_do_active_tasks () at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/srv/srv0srv.cc:2132 #7 srv_master_thread (arg=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/srv/srv0srv.cc:2383 #8 0x00007fa003eeddc5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0 #9 0x00007fa002aab74d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
如果一切判断正常，主线程发出async io请求，async读取需要被merge的索引页面；
I/O handler 线程，在接受到完成的async I/O之后，进行merge操作；
进行merge的时候调用fil_space_acquire对space->n_pending_ops进行自增。避免删除操作并发；
执行完毕后调用fil_space_release对space->n_pending_ops进行自减。
对fil_system->mutex加锁，设置sp->stop_new_ops = true，标记space正在删除，不允许对它进行新操作，然后对fil_system->mutex解锁；
对fil_system->mutex加锁，检测space->n_pending_ops，对fil_system->mutex解锁。如果检测到大于0，意味着还有依赖的操作未完成，睡眠20ms后重试；
对fil_system->mutex加锁，检测space->n_pending_flushes和(*node)->n_pending ，对fil_system->mutex解锁。如果检测到大于0，意味着还有依赖的I/O未完成，睡眠20ms后重试；
此时认为已经没有冲突的操作了，刷出所有脏页面或删除所有给定的表空间的页面；
从表空间缓存删除指定space的记录；
删除对应数据文件。
情况很明确了，主线程获取ibuf的（space，page）的过程与删除操作执行的过程并没有锁保证互斥，只有async I/O完成之后的merge操作与删除操作才有互斥。如果后台线程开始ibuf merge并已经执行过了第2步的检测，但还没有执行到第3步检测，此时用户线程开始做删除表的操作，并设置好stop_new_ops标记但还没有执行到第5步删除表空间缓存，就会出现这个错误信息。两线程的交互如下图所示：
不出意外的话，在打中断点时必然有线程在执行对应表的删除操作。果然我们可以发现如下堆栈：
Thread 118 (Thread 0x7f9de0111700 (LWP 5234)): #0 0x00007fa003ef1e8e in pthread_cond_broadcast@@GLIBC_2.3.2 () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0 #1 0x0000000000f82f41 in broadcast (this=0xd452ef8) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/os/os0event.cc:184 #2 set (this=0xd452ef8) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/os/os0event.cc:75 #3 os_event_set (event=0xd452ef8) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/os/os0event.cc:483 #4 0x00000000010ec8a4 in signal (this=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/include/ut0mutex.ic:105 #5 exit (this=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/include/ib0mutex.h:690 #6 exit (this=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/include/ib0mutex.h:961 #7 buf_flush_yield (bpage=<optimized out>, buf_pool=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:405 #8 buf_flush_try_yield (processed=<optimized out>, bpage=<optimized out>, buf_pool=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:449 #9 buf_flush_or_remove_pages (trx=<optimized out>, flush=<optimized out>, observer=<optimized out>, id=<optimized out>, buf_pool=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:632 #10 buf_flush_dirty_pages (buf_pool=<optimized out>, id=<optimized out>, observer=<optimized out>, flush=<optimized out>, trx=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:693 #11 0x00000000010f6de7 in buf_LRU_remove_pages (trx=0x0, buf_remove=BUF_REMOVE_FLUSH_NO_WRITE, id=55, buf_pool=0x31e55e8) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:893 #12 buf_LRU_flush_or_remove_pages (id=id@entry=55, buf_remove=buf_remove@entry=BUF_REMOVE_FLUSH_NO_WRITE, trx=trx@entry=0x0) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/buf/buf0lru.cc:951 #13 0x000000000114e488 in fil_delete_tablespace (id=id@entry=55, buf_remove=buf_remove@entry=BUF_REMOVE_FLUSH_NO_WRITE) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/fil/fil0fil.cc:2800 #14 0x0000000000fe77bd in row_drop_single_table_tablespace (trx=0x0, is_encrypted=false, is_temp=false, filepath=0x7f9d7c209f38 "./sbtest/sbtest25.ibd", tablename=0x7f9d7c209dc8 "sbtest/sbtest25", space_id=55) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/row/row0mysql.cc:4189 #15 row_drop_table_for_mysql (name=name@entry=0x7f9de010e020 "sbtest/sbtest25", trx=trx@entry=0x7f9ff9515750, drop_db=<optimized out>, nonatomic=<optimized out>, nonatomic@entry=true, handler=handler@entry=0x0) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/row/row0mysql.cc:4741 #16 0x0000000000f092f3 in ha_innobase::delete_table (this=<optimized out>, name=0x7f9de010f5e0 "./sbtest/sbtest25") at mysql-5.7.22/storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:12539 #17 0x0000000000801a30 in ha_delete_table (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, table_type=table_type@entry=0x2ebd100, path=path@entry=0x7f9de010f5e0 "./sbtest/sbtest25", db=db@entry=0x7f9d7c00e560 "sbtest", alias=0x7f9d7c00df98 "sbtest25", generate_warning=generate_warning@entry=true) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/handler.cc:2586 #18 0x0000000000d0a6af in mysql_rm_table_no_locks (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, tables=tables@entry=0x7f9d7c00dfe0, if_exists=true, drop_temporary=false, drop_view=drop_view@entry=false, dont_log_query=dont_log_query@entry=false) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_table.cc:2546 #19 0x0000000000d0ba58 in mysql_rm_table (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, tables=tables@entry=0x7f9d7c00dfe0, if_exists=<optimized out>, drop_temporary=<optimized out>) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_table.cc:2196 #20 0x0000000000c9d90b in mysql_execute_command (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, first_level=first_level@entry=true) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_parse.cc:3589 #21 0x0000000000ca1edd in mysql_parse (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, parser_state=parser_state@entry=0x7f9de01107a0) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_parse.cc:5582 #22 0x0000000000ca2a20 in dispatch_command (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910, com_data=com_data@entry=0x7f9de0110e00, command=COM_QUERY) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_parse.cc:1458 #23 0x0000000000ca4377 in do_command (thd=thd@entry=0x7f9d7c1f6910) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/sql_parse.cc:999 #24 0x0000000000d5ed00 in handle_connection (arg=arg@entry=0x10b8e910) at mysql-5.7.22/sql/conn_handler/connection_handler_per_thread.cc:300 #25 0x0000000001223d74 in pfs_spawn_thread (arg=0x10c48f40) at mysql-5.7.22/storage/perfschema/pfs.cc:2190 #26 0x00007fa003eeddc5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0 #27 0x00007fa002aab74d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
为buf_read_ibuf_merge_pages、buf_read_page_low、fil_io新增一个参数ignore_missing_space。表示忽略正在删除的space，默认为false，当ibuf_merge_pages调用的时候置为true。在fil_io报错处额外判断该参数是否为true，是则不报错，继续其他流程。
或者直接在buf_read_ibuf_merge_pages调用buf_read_page_low时传入IORequest::IGNORE_MISSING参数。
具体代码参考MariaDB commit：8edbb1117a9e1fd81fbd08b8f1d06c72efe38f44
察看相关信息，这个问题是修改Bug#19710564时删除表空间版本引入的。
MySQL Community Server 5.7.6引入，版本5.7.22尚未修复，版本8.0.0已修复。
MariaDB Server 10.2受影响。MariaDB Server 10.2.9, 10.3.2已修复
可优化一下性能：在buf_read_ibuf_merge_pages中记录下出错的space id，循环的时候判断下一个page的space id，如果space id是相同的，直接删除对应ibuf的记录（当前分配的最大space id记录在系统表空间，space id占4个字节，低于0xFFFFFFF0UL，分配时读取系统表空间保存的值，然后加一，具有唯一性）。
end：对于知识点我就介绍到这里了，写的有点快，可能有不足之处，还望多多交流指正，希望能帮到大家。
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