使用PHP實作單鍊錶

這篇文章主要介紹了關於使用PHP實現單鍊錶，有著一定的參考價值，現在分享給大家，有需要的朋友可以參考一下

單鍊錶顧名思義就是一個鍊式資料結構，它有一個表頭，而且除了最後一個節點外，所有節點都有其後繼節點。如下圖。

#首先，我們寫出鍊錶節點的類別。單鍊錶中的每一個節點，都保存其資料域和後驅指標

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//链表节点   
class node {   
    public $id; //节点id   
    public $name; //节点名称   
    public $next; //下一节点   
     
    public function __construct($id, $name) {   
        $this->id = $id;   
        $this->name = $name;   
        $this->next = null;   
    }   
}

#鍊錶中還有兩個特別重要的方法，插入和刪除。插入需要找到插入的位置，把前一個元素的next指標指向被插入的節點，並將被插入節點的next指標指向後一個節點，如下圖左側所示。而刪除則是把前一個節點的next指標指向後一個節點，並傳回被刪除元素的資料內容，如下圖右側所示。  

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1. //单链表   
   class singelLinkList {   
       private $header; //链表头节点   
        
       //构造方法   
       public function __construct($id = null, $name = null) {   
           $this->header = new node ( $id, $name, null );   
       }   
     
       //获取链表长度   
       public function getLinkLength() {   
           $i = 0;   
           $current = $this->header;   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               $i ++;   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
           return $i;   
       }   
     
       //添加节点数据   
       public function addLink($node) {   
           $current = $this->header;   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               if ($current->next->id > $node->id) {   
                   break;   
               }   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
           $node->next = $current->next;   
           $current->next = $node;   
       }   
     
       //删除链表节点   
       public function delLink($id) {   
           $current = $this->header;   
           $flag = false;   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               if ($current->next->id == $id) {   
                   $flag = true;   
                   break;   
               }   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
           if ($flag) {   
               $current->next = $current->next->next;   
           } else {   
               echo "未找到id=" . $id . "的节点！<br>";   
           }   
       }  
     
       //判断连表是否为空  
       public function isEmpty(){  
               return $this->header == null;  
       }  
     
       //清空链表  
       public function clear(){  
               $this->header = null;  
       }   
     
       //获取链表   
       public function getLinkList() {   
           $current = $this->header;   
           if ($current->next == null) {   
               echo ("链表为空!");   
               return;   
           }   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               echo &#39;id:&#39; . $current->next->id . &#39;   name:&#39; . $current->next->name . "<br>";   
               if ($current->next->next == null) {   
                   break;   
               }   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
       }   
     
       //获取节点名字   
       public function getLinkNameById($id) {   
           $current = $this->header;   
           if ($current->next == null) {   
               echo "链表为空!";   
               return;   
           }   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               if ($current->id == $id) {   
                   break;   
               }   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
           return $current->name;   
       }   
     
       //更新节点名称   
       public function updateLink($id, $name) {   
           $current = $this->header;   
           if ($current->next == null) {   
               echo "链表为空!";   
               return;   
           }   
           while ( $current->next != null ) {   
               if ($current->id == $id) {   
                   break;   
               }   
               $current = $current->next;   
           }   
           return $current->name = $name;   
       }   
   }  
   $lists = new singelLinkList ();   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 5, &#39;eeeeee&#39; ) );   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 1, &#39;aaaaaa&#39; ) );   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 6, &#39;ffffff&#39; ) );   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 4, &#39;dddddd&#39; ) );   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 3, &#39;cccccc&#39; ) );   
   $lists->addLink ( new node ( 2, &#39;bbbbbb&#39; ) );   
   $lists->getLinkList ();   
   echo "<br>-----------删除节点--------------<br>";   
   $lists->delLink ( 5 );   
   $lists->getLinkList ();  
   echo "<br>-----------更新节点名称--------------<br>";   
   $lists->updateLink ( 3, "222222" );   
   $lists->getLinkList ();  
   echo "<br>-----------获取节点名称--------------<br>";   
   echo $lists->getLinkNameById ( 5 );  
   echo "<br>-----------获取链表长度--------------<br>";   
   echo $lists->getLinkLength ();

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