這篇文章主要介紹了JavaScript物件導向精要(下部),需要的朋友可以參考下
#建構子與原型物件
##建構子也是函數，用new建立物件時呼叫的函數，與普通函數的一個差異是，其首字母應該要大寫。但如果將建構函式當作普通函式呼叫（缺少new關鍵字），則應該注意this指向的問題。
var name = "Pomy";
function Per(){
console.log("Hello "+this.name);
}
var per1 = new Per(); //"Hello undefined"
var per2 = Per(); //"Hello Pomy"console.log(per1 instanceof Per); //true console.log(per1.constructor === Per); //true
function Person(){}
Person.prototype.name="dwqs";
Person.prototype.age=20;
Person.prototype.sayName=function()
{
alert(this.name);
};
var per1 = new Person();
per1.sayName(); //dwqs
var per2 = new Person();
per2.sayName(); //dwqs
alert(per1.sayName == per2.sayName); //true
alert(Person.prototype.isPrototypeOf(per2)); //true
per1.blog = "www.ido321.com";
alert(per1.hasOwnProperty("blog")); //true
alert(Person.prototype.hasOwnProperty("blog")); //false
alert(per1.hasOwnProperty("name")); //false
alert(Person.prototype.hasOwnProperty("name")); //truefunction Hello(name){
this.name = name;
}
//重写原型
Hello.prototype = {
sayHi:function(){
console.log(this.name);
}
};
var hi = new Hello("Pomy");
console.log(hi instanceof Hello); //true
console.log(hi.constructor === Hello); //false
console.log(hi.constructor === Object); //true
#
Hello.prototype = {
constructor:Hello,
sayHi:function(){
console.log(this.name);
}
};
console.log(hi.constructor === Hello); //true
console.log(hi.constructor === Object); //falseArray.prototype.sum=function(){
return this.reduce(function(prev,cur){
return prev+cur;
});
};
var num = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
var res = num.sum();
console.log(res); //21
String.prototype.capit = function(){
return this.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+this.substring(1);
};
var msg = "hello world";
console.log(msg.capit()); //"Hello World"#繼承
利用[[Prototype]]特性，可以實現原型繼承；對於字面量形式的對象，會隱式指定Object.prototype為其[[Prototype]]，也可以透過Object.create()顯示指定，其接受兩個參數：第一個是[[Prototype]]指向的物件(原型物件)，第二個是可選的屬性描述符物件。var book = {
title:"这是书名";
};
//和下面的方式一样
var book = Object.create(Object.prototype,{
title:{
configurable:true,
enumerable:true,
value:"这是书名",
wratable:true
}
});var book1 = {
title:"JS高级程序设计",
getTitle:function(){
console.log(this.title);
}
};
var book2 = Object.create(book1,{
title:{
configurable:true,
enumerable:true,
value:"JS权威指南",
wratable:true
}
});
book1.getTitle(); //"JS高级程序设计"
book2.getTitle(); //"JS权威指南"
console.log(book1.hasOwnProperty("getTitle")); //true
console.log(book1.isPrototypeOf("book2")); //false
console.log(book2.hasOwnProperty("getTitle")); //falsefunction Rect(length,width){
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
Rect.prototype.getArea = function(){
return this.width * this.length;
};
Rect.prototype.toString = function(){
return "[Rect"+this.length+"*"+this.width+"]";
};
function Square(size){
this.length = size;
this.width = size;
}
//修改prototype属性
Square.prototype = new Rect();
Square.prototype.constructor = Square;
Square.prototype.toString = function(){
return "[Square"+this.length+"*"+this.width+"]";
};
var rect = new Rect(5,10);
var square = new Square(6);
console.log(rect.getArea()); //50
console.log(square.getArea()); //36Square.prototype.toString = function(){
var text = Rect.prototype.toString.call(this);
return text.replace("Rect","Square");
}以上是JavaScript重要知識點總結1的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
