php服務端與客戶端互動、提供開放api時，通常需要對敏感的部分api資料傳輸進行資料加密，這時候rsa非對稱加密就能派上用處了，下面透過一個例子來說明如何用php來實作資料的加密解密
1、加密解密的第一步是產生公鑰、私鑰對，私鑰加密的內容能透過公鑰解密（反過來亦可）
下載開源RSA金鑰產生工具openssl（通常Linux系統都會自備該程式），解壓縮至獨立的資料夾，進入其中的bin目錄，執行下列指令：
openssl genrsa -out rsa_private_key.pem 1024
openssl pkcsform -top88in PEM -in rsa_private_key.pem -outform PEM -nocrypt -out private_key.pem
openssl rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -pubout -out rsa_public_key.pem
up條指令將原始RSA私鑰轉換為pkcs8格式，第三條產生RSA公鑰rsa_public_key.pem
2、php中用產生的公鑰、私鑰加密解密，直接上程式碼
<?php $private_key = '-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIICXQIBAAKBgQC3//sR2tXw0wrC2DySx8vNGlqt3Y7ldU9+LBLI6e1KS5lfc5jl TGF7KBTSkCHBM3ouEHWqp1ZJ85iJe59aF5gIB2klBd6h4wrbbHA2XE1sq21ykja/ Gqx7/IRia3zQfxGv/qEkyGOx+XALVoOlZqDwh76o2n1vP1D+tD3amHsK7QIDAQAB AoGBAKH14bMitESqD4PYwODWmy7rrrvyFPEnJJTECLjvKB7IkrVxVDkp1XiJnGKH 2h5syHQ5qslPSGYJ1M/XkDnGINwaLVHVD3BoKKgKg1bZn7ao5pXT+herqxaVwWs6 ga63yVSIC8jcODxiuvxJnUMQRLaqoF6aUb/2VWc2T5MDmxLhAkEA3pwGpvXgLiWL 3h7QLYZLrLrbFRuRN4CYl4UYaAKokkAvZly04Glle8ycgOc2DzL4eiL4l/+x/gaq deJU/cHLRQJBANOZY0mEoVkwhU4bScSdnfM6usQowYBEwHYYh/OTv1a3SqcCE1f+ qbAclCqeNiHajCcDmgYJ53LfIgyv0wCS54kCQAXaPkaHclRkQlAdqUV5IWYyJ25f oiq+Y8SgCCs73qixrU1YpJy9yKA/meG9smsl4Oh9IOIGI+zUygh9YdSmEq0CQQC2 4G3IP2G3lNDRdZIm5NZ7PfnmyRabxk/UgVUWdk47IwTZHFkdhxKfC8QepUhBsAHL QjifGXY4eJKUBm3FpDGJAkAFwUxYssiJjvrHwnHFbg0rFkvvY63OSmnRxiL4X6EY yI9lblCsyfpl25l7l5zmJrAHn45zAiOoBrWqpM5edu7c -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----'; $public_key = '-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC3//sR2tXw0wrC2DySx8vNGlqt 3Y7ldU9+LBLI6e1KS5lfc5jlTGF7KBTSkCHBM3ouEHWqp1ZJ85iJe59aF5gIB2kl Bd6h4wrbbHA2XE1sq21ykja/Gqx7/IRia3zQfxGv/qEkyGOx+XALVoOlZqDwh76o 2n1vP1D+tD3amHsK7QIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY-----'; //echo $private_key; $pi_key = openssl_pkey_get_private($private_key);//这个函数可用来判断私钥是否是可用的，可用返回资源id Resource id $pu_key = openssl_pkey_get_public($public_key);//这个函数可用来判断公钥是否是可用的 print_r($pi_key);echo "\n"; print_r($pu_key);echo "\n"; $data = "aassssasssddd";//原始数据 $encrypted = ""; $decrypted = ""; echo "source data:",$data,"\n"; echo "private key encrypt:\n"; openssl_private_encrypt($data,$encrypted,$pi_key);//私钥加密 $encrypted = base64_encode($encrypted);//加密后的内容通常含有特殊字符，需要编码转换下，在网络间通过url传输时要注意base64编码是否是url安全的 echo $encrypted,"\n"; echo "public key decrypt:\n"; openssl_public_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pu_key);//私钥加密的内容通过公钥可用解密出来 echo $decrypted,"\n"; echo "---------------------------------------\n"; echo "public key encrypt:\n"; openssl_public_encrypt($data,$encrypted,$pu_key);//公钥加密 $encrypted = base64_encode($encrypted); echo $encrypted,"\n"; echo "private key decrypt:\n"; openssl_private_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pi_key);//私钥解密 echo $decrypted,"\n";
